Week 3/Week 4 Flashcards
.What is a vowel?
Class of sounds produced without significant constriction of the oral/pharyngeal cavities
What are the three aspects of vowels?
- Spatial
- Temporal - can be produced indefinitely
- Functional - nucleus of every syllable
What is a monophthong?
Single, unchanging sound
What is a diphthong?
Gradual shift in sound, uses a pair of symbols
What does the vowel quadrilateral represent?
The movement of the tongue
What are the cardinal vowels?
The extreme endpoints
/i/ /u/ /æ/ /a/
What are the four aspects of vowel description?
1 Tongue height (high, mid, low)
2. tongue advancements (front, central, back)
3. Tenseness (tense vs lax)
4. Lip configuration (rounding)
What is a diphthong?
Pair of sounds
There is a gradual shift in the sound
What is a digraph?
A pair of symbols
What is an onglide?
The articulatory origin (first sound)
What is an offglide?
Articulatory destination (second sound)
What are non-phonemic diphthong?
Diphthongs that can be changed out with a monophthong
What are phonemic diphthongs?
Diphthongs that cannot be reduced to a monophthong
What are r-colored vowels?
Vowels before a rhotic segment
What is nasalization?
When vowels become nasalized due to a nasal sound
What does F1 represent in a spectrogram?
The tongue height, the higher the F1 line means a lower tongue
What does F2 represent in a spectrogram?
The tongue advancement, the higher the F2 line means a forward tongue
What sound does /ɑɪ/ make?
Eye, bye
What sound does /ɔɪ/ make?
boy, toy
What sound does /ɑʊ/ make?
bough, how
What sound does /ɑɹ/ make?
star, farm
What sound does /ɛɹ/ make?
Glare, Chair
What sound does /ɪɹ/ make?
Steer, heer
What sound does /ɔɹ/ make?
store, fork
What sound does /ʊɹ/ make?
pure, sure
