Week 3 - Tissue Structure and Functions

Question 1

tissue

Answer 1

groups of cells that work together for a function

Question 2

four types of tissues

Answer 2

epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous

Question 3

epithelial tissue

Answer 3

forms boundaries between environments; functions include: protects, secretes, absorbs, filters, movement of oocytes and mucus

Question 4

classification of epithelial tissue

Answer 4

1. number of layers
   -simple: one layer
   -stratified: multiple layers
2. shape
   -squamous: flattened cells
   -cuboidal: cube-shaped cells
   -columnar: column-shaped cells

Question 5

simple squamous epithelium

Answer 5

very thin, centrally located nucleus; air sacs of the lungs (alveoli)
-function: diffusion, osmosis, or filtration

Question 6

simple cuboidal epithelium

Answer 6

centrally located nucleus; sweat glands
-function: secretion or absorption

Question 7

simple columnar epithelium

Answer 7

location of nonciliated: stomach
location of ciliated: uterus
functions for nonciliated: secretion and absorption
functions for ciliated: moving mucus, moving oocytes

Question 8

stratified squamous epithelium

Answer 8

skin
function: protects against abrasion, water loss (skin), UV radiation (skin)

Question 9

stratified cuboidal epithelium

Answer 9

sweat glands
function: protection

Question 10

stratified columnar epithelium

Answer 10

male urethra
function: protection and secretion

Question 11

connective tissue

Answer 11

form the framework of organs; connects organs to each other; generally composed of a small # of cells and large amount of matrix

Question 12

fibroblasts

Answer 12

produce and secrete fibers

Question 13

embryonic connective tissue

Answer 13

mesenchyme; present in the embryo and fetus, usually contains soft and delicate fibers, gives rise to all other types of connective tissue

Question 14

loose connective tissue

Answer 14

-areolar, adipose, reticular
-loosely intertwined fibers throughout tissues
-many cells present

Question 15

areolar tissue

Answer 15

most widely distributed connective tissue type
-found in spaces between muscle fibers, surrounds blood and lymph vessels, supports organs in abdominal cavity and underlies most epithelium

Question 16

adipose tissue

Answer 16

stores fat, peripheral nuclei, protection and insulation

Question 17

dense connective tissue

Answer 17

contains thicker and more dense fibers than loose connective tissue; fewer cells than loose connective tissue

Question 18

dense regular connective tissue

Answer 18

tendons and ligaments

Question 19

dense irregular connective tissue

Answer 19

skin

Question 20

cartilage

Answer 20

collagen fibers and elastic fibers embedded in a dense network; the only connective tissue without blood vessels
-ex. intervertebral discs, ear

Question 21

bone

Answer 21

stores calcium and phosphorus, and contains bone marrow
-support, protection, movement

Question 22

blood

Answer 22

red and white blood cells in liquid matrix (plasma)
-transports gases, nutrient, waste, hormones, and other substances

Question 23

lymph

Answer 23

liquid matrix (blood plasma); composition similar to blood but fewer proteins and no red blood cells; clear/white fluid

Question 24

muscle tissue

Answer 24

cells that shorten

Question 25

skeletal muscle

Answer 25

striated, voluntary, multinucleated, associated with bones of the skeleton

Question 26

cardiac muscle

Answer 26

striated, involuntary, branched rather than parallel fibers, uninucleated

Question 27

smooth muscle

Answer 27

not striated, involuntary, uninucleated, associated with internal organs, glands, and blood vessels

Question 28

nervous tissue

Answer 28

found in brain, spinal cord, nerves; supporting cells are called neuroglia