Week 3 part 2 Flashcards
open chain - percussive or sustained action. (striking or stroking)
non-gripping action
open chain on verge of closing - hook grip, scooping, and cupping.
transitional forms
thumb wraps around back of fingers to provide additional force
crude power grip/sledgehammer
if more control is needed (with less force) to grip, where does the thumb move?
thumb moves along shaft of tool handle
*what should the diameter of the handle of single handle tools for POWER TASKS be? and what can be used to increase the diameter and provide comfort?
1 1/4 - 2 inches, a sleeve
pressure from a hard surface, point, or edge on any part of the body
contact pressure
what are contact pressures made worse from?
repetitive tasks
what should the diameter of the handle of single handle tools for PRECISION TASKS be?
handle diameter 1/4 - 1/2 an inch
what should the maximum open span be for double handle tools for PRECISION TASKS?
no more than 3 inches
what should the minimum closed grip span be for double handle tools for PRECISION TASKS?
not less than 1 inch
placement of work piece will affect posture in which 5 body parts?
- shoulder
- elbow
- wrist
- hand
- back
awkward postures may cause you to use more ___.
force
the right tool will not cause __ and __.
pain, fatigue
what should the maximum open grip span be for double handle tools for POWER TASKS?
no more than 3.5 inches
what should the minimum closed grip span be for double handle tools for POWER TASKS?
no less than 2 inches
what should the handle legnth be for tools for high force tasks?
longer than the widest part of your hand - usually 4-6 inches
name 6 OT treatments for hand tool injuries.
- modalities as indicated
- splinting
- therex/stretching as indicated
- nerve glides
- k tape during work
- ergonomic education
teach patient about natural alignment and maintaining non awkward body postures during work, hand position with tool use
ergonomic education
vibration transmitted to hand and arm from power tools
hand arm vibration syndrome
- disc presses on nerves
- may or may not cause pain
herniated/bulging disc
*name the 2 most common sites of disc herniation.
- L4-L5
- L5-S1
wear and tear on discs btwn vertebrae
degenerative disc disease
when does disc disease become degenerative?
over 3 months
- pain, weakness, numbness, and other discomfort along the path of the sciatic nerve
- low back pain
- symptom of a problem at some point along the sciatic nerve rather than an ailment in and of itself.
- causes include herniated disc, spinal stenosis, and others.
- often develops over time from low back injuries and wear and tear
sciatica
- common name for neck sprains
- neck or back is thrown forwards and/or backwards at a rapid speed
- may cause the fibers of the neck muscles to tear, resulting in pain and often a decreased range of movement.
whiplash
name 3 lifting recommendations/guidelines.
- two-handed lifting
- comfortable lifting postures
- comfortable environments and non-slip floorings
what is the calculation called for lifting?
revised lifting calculation
when the multiplier factors are all in the best range the weight limit for lifting or lowering is about how many pounds?
51 pounds
when the multiplier factors are not in the best ranges, what must happen?
the weight limit must be reduced accordingly
the distance from the starting point of the lift (height hands from ground)
vertical multiplier
the number of centimeters the load travels up (or down) from the starting position
distance multiplier
how often the lift is repeated within a certain time period. you need to determine if the lift is done - while standing or stooping, for more or less than one hour (in total time for the shift), and how much time there is for rest btwn lifts
frequency multiplier
if the body twists or turns during the lift, measured in degrees (with 360 being one complete circle)
asymmetric multiplier
determines the “coupling” or type of grasp the person has on the container. it rates the type of handles as good, fair, or poor.
coupling multiplier
