Week 3: Nutritional Screening & Assessment

Question 1

What is malnutrition

Answer 1

A state resulting from lack of intake or uptake that leads to altered body composition leading to diminished physical and mental function

Question 2

When someone is malnourished what are they at a higher risk for?

Answer 2

Delirium
Falls
Impaired function
Depression

Question 3

How many Canadian adults admitted are malnourished?

Answer 3

20-45%

Question 4

How many extra days are malnourished patients needed to stay compared to nourished patients

Answer 4

3 extra days

Question 5

What is Sarcopenia

Answer 5

Progressive/generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength (needs to be loss of both)

Question 6

How do we diagnosis for loss of muscle mass?

Answer 6

Dual energy x ray

Question 7

How do we diagnosis for loss of strength?

Answer 7

gait speed or hand grip test

Question 8

Can Sarcopenia only exist in smaller bodies?

Answer 8

No, can also exist in larger bodies and is called Sarcopenia Obesity

Question 9

Cachexia

Answer 9

Complex metabolic syndrome associated with underlying illness

Loss of skeletal muscle mass with or without loss of fat

Question 10

What is the hallmark feature for Cachexia? How is it diagnosed?

Answer 10

Mild Inflammation.
When CRP is 5-40 mg per L

Question 11

Why is Albumin not a marker for nutritional status?

Answer 11

Because it is a negative acute phase protein and decreases when inflammation is present

Question 12

When should nutrition screening be performed?

Answer 12

within 24 hours of hospital admission, typically performed by nurses

Question 13

Malnutrition Screening Tool

Answer 13

Score of 2 or more deems pt at risk for malnutrition

Limits: No time frame for weight loss and only uses decreased appetite

Question 14

Mini Nutritional Assessment

Answer 14

Limits: Deems ppl at risk for malnutrition when they are not

Only one used for older adults

Question 15

Nutritional Risk Screening 2002

Answer 15

Considers weight loss, food intake, diseases when determining for malnutrition

Too detailed and requires calculations for BMI and weight loss

Question 16

Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool

Answer 16

Takes BMI, unplanned weight loss (3-6 months), accounts for diseases

Uses the same BMI score for both older adults and adults that have different ranges

and only accounts for 3-6 months

Question 17

Canadian Nutritional Screening Tool

Answer 17

Most recent
Uses simple yes and no

Question 18

For the physical examination, how do we look at body fat?

Answer 18

score based on no loss of body fat, muscle mass or presence of edema/SIDS

Question 19

For the physical examination, how do we look at subcutaneous fat?

Answer 19

Then look at muscle wasting and fluid retention