Week 1: Overview of Nutrition and Health

Question 1

What does social determinants of health mean?

Answer 1

the non-medical factors that influence health outcomes

Question 2

How much does social determinants of health account for health outcomes?

Answer 2

30-55%

Question 3

What is food insecurity?

Answer 3

Inadequate or insecure access to food due to financial constraints

Question 4

How many Canadian households are affected by food insecurity

Answer 4

1 in 8

Question 5

Food deserts

Answer 5

Areas with limited access to affordable and nutrients dense foods

Question 6

What are considered essential nutrients?

Answer 6

nutrients that the body obtains from food such as
1. Carbohydrates
2. Fats
3. Proteins
4. Vitamins

Question 7

How are organic and inorganic nutrients based on?

Answer 7

Their molecular structure

Question 8

Organic

Answer 8

Substances or molecules that contain carbon-carbon bonds OR carbon-hydrogen bonds

Question 9

What are examples of organic nutrients?

Answer 9

Carbohydrates, Fats, Proteins, and Vitamins

Question 10

Inorganic

Answer 10

Substances or molecules THAT DO NOT contain carbon-carbon bonds or carbon-hydrogen bonds

Question 11

What are examples of inorganic nutrients?

Answer 11

Minerals and Water

Question 12

Energy-yielding

Answer 12

Provides usable energy to the body (carbohydrates, fats and proteins)

Question 13

Non-energy-yielding

Answer 13

DO NOT provide usable energy to the body (vitamins, minerals, and water)

Question 14

What do vitamins and minerals do?

Answer 14

Facilitate the release of energy from the energy-yielding nutrients among others

Question 15

What is a calorie?

Answer 15

An extremely small unit used to
measure the amount of energy released
from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins

Question 16

Kilocalorie

Answer 16

1000-calorie unit

Question 17

1 calorie in layman’s terms actually means…

Answer 17

1 kilocalorie in scientific terms

Question 18

What does the amount of kilocalories depend on

Answer 18

Amount of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins a food contains

Question 19

1g of carbohydrates = to how many kilocalories?

Answer 19

4 kilocalories

Question 20

1g of fat = to how many kilocalories?

Answer 20

9 kilocalories

Question 21

1g of protein = to how many kilocalories?

Answer 21

4 kilocalories

Question 22

What is 1 non nutrient that provides us with energy?

Answer 22

Alcohol

Question 23

1g of alcohol = to how many kilocalories?

Answer 23

7 kilocalories

Question 24

Why is alcohol not considered a nutrient?

Answer 24

it does not support body growth, maintenance, or repair

Question 25

What are dietary intake reference?

Answer 25

recommendations given for different nutrients

Question 26

Estimated Average Requirements - dietary intake reference

Answer 26

Amount of nutrients needed to meet the needs of 50% of the population

Question 27

Recommended Dietary Allowances - dietary intake reference

Answer 27

Average daily intake that meets the needs of 98% of the population

Question 28

Adequate Intakes - dietary intake reference

Answer 28

Level set based on assumed value to ensure nutritional adequacy

Question 29

Tolerable Upper Intake Levels - dietary intake reference

Answer 29

Maximum daily intake unlikely to cause adverse effects

Question 30

Percent Daily Value

Answer 30

Tells how much a nutrient in a serving of the food or beverage contributes to a total daily 2,000-calorie diet

Question 31

Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR)

Answer 31

Range of intake for a particular energy source (protein, fat, or carbohydrate), expressed as a percentage of total energy (kcal)

Question 32

How should a nutritious meal look like?

Answer 32

1/2: veggies/fruits
1/4: whole grain foods
1/4: proteins

Question 33

What has diets high in sodium and saturated fats been linked to?

Answer 33

hypertension –> cardiovascular disease

Question 34

What is the suggestion for amount of sodium in a diet?

Answer 34

2g or less of dietary sodium per day

Question 35

Nutrient content claim

Answer 35

Describes the amount of a nutrient in a food
(Fat free)

Question 36

Health Claim

Answer 36

Statement about an helpful effect of a certain food consumed in a healthy diet
(Plant sterols help reduce cholesterol)