Week 3- Neuroplasticity Flashcards
What is neuroplasticity?
The ability of the CNS to undergo structural and functional change in response to new experiences.
- Neuroplasticity occurs at _______ levels.
- Neuroplasticity occurs during development, in response to the environment, in support of learning, in response to disease, or __ ________ ___ _________.
- many (molecular, cellular, systems, behavior)
- in relation to therapy
What are some examples of negative or maladaptive plasticity?
- After a CNS injury or in response to pain, motor and sensory representational maps change.
- Seizures- new onset can occur months to years after CNS injury – theorized due to axonal sprouting, formation of new connections, alteration in neural signaling, disinhibition.
Neuroplasticity:
- Occurs in the _____, in the ______, in the _______, and/or in at the ________.
- Can be __________ and/or __________.
- Does it occur throughout the lifespan?
- some, axon, dendrite, synapse
- morphological and/or physiological
- Yes
Neuroplasticity - Morphological:
- What is neurogenesis?
- What is angiogenesis?
Neurogenesis: New cell development from neural stem cells.
Angiogenesis: Blood vessel proliferation ( stimulated by endothelial cells releasing growth factors.
Neuroplasticity - Physiological:
- _________ Efficacy
- Membrane __________
- _____ Flow
- Synaptic Efficacy
- Membrane Excitability
- Blood Flow
Neurovascular Coupling: Spatial and temporal association between _____ _____ to and activation of ________ (functional MRI).
- blood flow
- neurons
Plasticity is dependent on return of ________ to an area (better perfusion associated with greater synaptogenesis and dendritic spine density).
perfusion
Neuroplasticity at the Systems Level definition?
Reorganization of a given region or a change in the area(s) associated with a given function.
What are interventions to enhance NP?
- Noninvasive Brain Stimulation
- Deep Brain Stimulation
- Neuropharmacology
- Physical Training
- Aerobic Exercise
- Cognitive Training
- rtfMRI Neurofeedback
What are the (3) most common interventions to enhance NP?
- Neuropharmacology
- Physical Training
- Aerobic Exercise
What are the variables that influence neuroplasticity?
Experience Sleep Mood Hormones Cardiorespiratory function Diet Pharmaceuticals
What are the 10 principles of neuroplasticity?
- Use it or lose it
- Use it and improve it
- Specificity
- Repetition matters
- Intensity matters
- Salience matters
- Time matters
- Age matters
- Transference
- Interference
Physical Activity:
- What is BDNF?
- What is it involved in (3)?
- BDNF is a key mediator of ______ ________ and _________.
- brain derived neurotrophic factor
- Neutroprotection, Neurogenesis, Neuroplasticity
- motor learning and recovery
BDNF facilitates _____-______ potentiation ( a long lasting increase in the strength of connection between 2 neurons that are repeatedly activated together) and by promoting dendritic growth and remodeling.
long-term