Week 3 HEENT Flashcards
A childs skull is non ______ as opposed to an adults whos is
Rigid
What are the two main fontanels?
Posterior
Anterior
When do posterior fontanels close?
2-3 months
When do anterior fontanels close?
9-18 months
If a fontanel is sunken it means ____
Dehydration
If a fontanel is bludging it means_____
ICP
How does a child’s autonomic NS compare to that of adults?
It is complete but immature
Small tremors are normal in infants up to ____ months
1
Why is it crucial to detect hearing loss in children as soon as possible?
Because they could become language delayed if the loss isn’t correctet
What is some signs that a child has hearing difficulties
- Head tilting
- No response to noises
- Only responds if they are looking at you
- Find school tough
When during gestation does the lip close?
5-8 weeks
When during gestation does the palate close?
7-12 weeks
When can cleft lip/palate be detected?
14-22 weeks gestation
What is one major risk factor in an infant developing cleft lip/palate
Smoking
What is one way to help prevent cleft lip/palate?
Folic acid before and during pregnancy
What are the two assessment signs for cleft palate/lip?
Visual inspection or feeding from the nose
What age can an infant undergo lip/palate repare?
2-3 months lip
year for palate
Before a cleft repair, it is important to encourage ____
Bonding
How is feeding does in a child with cleft l/p
ESSR
What does ESSR feeding stand for?
- Enlarged nipple
- Suck
- Swallow
- Rest
What are some ways to promote bonding between a mother and her child with cleft l/p?
Point out all the positive aspects of the child
reassure that the child will have a normal life
Reassure the child will look normal after surgery
What is Strabismus?
Disorder in which the eyes don’t look in exactly the same direction at the same time.
What is the patho of strabismus?
Weakness or defect in ocular muscles
Pseudostrabismus is common in _____ and is considered normal
young infants
Amblyopia commonly develops at what age?
4-6 years old
What is amblyopia
Decreased eyesight due to abnormal visual development.
How does strabismus cause amblyopia?
The eye focuses on the vision from only one eye causing decreased vision in the other.
What treatments are available for strabismus?
Patching, corrective lenses, Eye muscle exercise, Surgery
How is occlusion therapy done?
Put a patch on the good eye and force the bad eye to compensate
_____ is not always present in children with strabismus and it is not detected until
A lazy eye
Vision screening in school
When a child has conjunctivitis what are the common complaints?
- Eyes glued shut
- Sand in eyes
What is conjunctivitis?
INflammation of the conjunctiva
Conjunctivitis can be both ____ or ____
Bacterial or viral
What is some assessment data that supports Conjunctivitis
- Red swollen conjunctiva
- Yellow, White, or green purulent exudate
- Crusting on eyelids and lashes
can the color of exudate in Conjunctivitis determine if it is bacterial or viral?
NO
How is viral Conjunctivitis treated?
Watchful waiting
Viral Conjunctivitis will most likely go away in ____
24-48 hours
How is bacterial Conjunctivitis treated?
With ABO
When can a child with bacterial Conjunctivitis go back to school?
24hrs after the start of ABO
Conjunctivitis can be secondary to ___
URI’s
