week 3 Factorial anova Flashcards
What is a ‘factor’ in the context of factorial designs?
A ‘factor’ is an independent variable (IV).
What does ‘factorial’ mean in research design?
Factorial’ refers to the use of two or more independent variables (IVs).
A ____ represents the relationship between variables of interest, such as the correlation calculated in a study.
Model
An ____ variable (IV) is a factor that is manipulated in an experiment to observe its effect on a dependent variable (DV).
Independent
How does complexity in factorial designs affect the interpretation of data?
Complexity shows that the relationship between independent variables (IVs) and the dependent variable (DV) can be conditional, meaning the effect of an IV on a DV can depend on the level/status of another IV.
What statistical test is used for one IV with 2 levels?
A t-test is used for evaluating the effect of one IV with two levels.
A ________ is used when evaluating the effect of one independent variable with more than two levels.
one-way ANOVA
What does a Two-way ANOVA signify?
A Two-way ANOVA involves the examination of two independent variables.
What is the purpose of measuring DV before and after interventions in factorial designs?
Measuring DV before and after interventions helps assess the effect of the independent variables on the dependent variable over time.
A ___ is the outcome that researchers measure to assess the effect of one or more independent variables.
dependent variable (DV)
Define a ‘3 by 2 ANOVA’ in the context of factorial designs.
A ‘3 by 2 ANOVA’ refers to a factorial ANOVA with three levels of one IV and two levels of another IV.
What is the significance of an architect’s model in research analogy?
An architect’s model symbolizes that real-world representations (like models used in research) will always have some degree of error and cannot be perfectly accurate.
What is the main effect in factorial designs?
The main effect is the effect of an independent variable (IV) on a dependent variable (DV), averaging out the levels of all other IVs.
The effect of an independent variable (IV) on a dependent variable (DV), averaged across the levels of other IVs.
Main Effect
How do interaction effects differ from main effects?
Interaction effects occur when the relationship between each IV and the DV varies depending on the value of the other IV, while main effects consider each IV in isolation
An effect that occurs when the relationship between an independent variable (IV) and a dependent variable (DV) depends on the level of another IV.
Interaction Effect
How does a factorial design increase statistical power?
A factorial design increases power by removing variance explained by other variables and interactions from error.
The probability of correctly rejecting the null hypothesis when it is false, often enhanced in factorial designs by controlling for additional variance.
Statistical Power
What are the two types of variables examined in the context of interaction effects?
The two types of variables are independent variables (IVs) and the dependent variable (DV).
The variable being measured or tested in an experiment, which is expected to change due to the manipulation of the independent variables (IVs).
Dependent Variable (DV)
An experimental design that examines the effects of two or more independent variables (IVs) simultaneously, including their interaction effects.
Factorial Design
Why might interaction effects be considered more interesting than main effects?
Interaction effects show how the effects of one IV might depend on the levels of another, often revealing complex relationships that are more relevant to research hypotheses