week 3: energy metabolism and work Flashcards
define metabolism
- all the chemical reactiions that happen in a cell, that help it to function, survuvve and reproduce
2 types of metabolism
catabolism:
- energy releasing pathways
- eg. energy from food
anabolism:
- energy using pathways
- eg. the use of energy to create protiens
can energy be destroyed?
no, it is transfromed from one form to antoher without being depleted
- fist law of thermodynamics
3 types of biological work
- mechanical eg. lifting weights
- chemical
- transport
3 processes of biological work
- release
- transfer
- consumption
define potential energy
enrgy stored by a person due to relative position, electrical charge, internal stress
- eg. holding an object in the air
- battery
- stretched spring
define kinetic energy
the energy an object has due to motion
- walking
- falling
- throwing a ball
back to metabolism
define a polymer
large molecule comprised of monumers
- protiens, dna
define a monumer
small molecule chemically bonded with other monomers to form a larger polymer
define a polysaccaride
type of polymer
- made of monosaccarides
- primarly found in carbohydrates
define monosaccaride
- a monomer of sugar
- the simplist from of a carbohydrate
- eg. glucose, fructose
what is the polymer-monumer pairing for polysaccarides
- polymer: polysaccarides
break down into - monomer: monosaccarides
what is the polymer-monomer pairing for lipids
- polymer: lipids
break down into - monomers: fatty acids
polymer-monomer pairing for protiens
- polymer: protiens
break down into - monomer: amino acids
polymer-monomer pairing for nucleic acids
-polymer: nucleic acids
break down into
-monomer: nucleotides