bioenergetic efficiency in exercise and after injury

Question 1

what are the key concerns after an innjury?

Answer 1

• muscle atrophy
• reduced muscle protien synthesis
• development of anabolic resistance (not susing energy to create proteins)
• proteolysis (break down of AA’s ointo enzymes)
• loss of strength

Question 2

what are the determinants of a preferential energy supply during a rehabilitation exercise or activity

Answer 2

primarily:
- intensity of excercise
- duration fo excercise

secondary:
- fitness of person
- training status
- diet
- sex
- age
- enviroment

Question 3

what duration and intensity is each energy system primarily used for?

Answer 3

ATP store: less than 2 secs/ highest intensity
ATP-PC:(2-10 secs)/high intensity
glycolosis: 10 secs - 2 minutes/ moderate intensity
oxidative phosphlorisation: low intensity/long duration

Question 4

how can adaptations increase the proficiency of the ATP-PC system?

Answer 4

training:
- can increase intramuscular stores of phosphocreatine
- increase myokinase activity
- increase creatin kinase activity (enzyme to beak PCr bonds)

result:
- higher rate of ATP replensihment from PCr
- less lactate production for a submaximal workload becuase do not have to go to glycolosis/lactic acid system as quickly

Question 5

how can adaptations increasing the proficiency of the glycolitic system

Answer 5

training can:
- increase glycogen storage capacity (small)
- increase oxidation
- therefore lactic acid is not produced ebcause anearobic glycolosis is not taking place, becuase ATP-PC system is improved
- results in reduction of PH

results:
- delayed faitgue
- longer indurance

Question 6

how can training improve the proficiency of aerobic power?

Answer 6

endurance training can:
- increase the capactiy to aerobiocally replinish ATP
- increase rate of aerobic ATP
- increase use of fat from tissue in aerobic pathways

increase ATP prouction by 2 fold
- becuase it increase number of mitochondria
- size of mitochondria
- activity of mitochondrial enzymes

results in:
- increased efficiency of aerobially trainined muscles to use fat stores and carbs
- decreased reliance on less effective anerobic pathways for ATP,
- increased reliance on fat which has unlimited supply of energy