Week 3 - all required readings Flashcards
“Sublimated Spaces” by ___
Smith
In Archae, what replaced “cultural evolutionary theory”?
post-processualism
Why was Olson’s approach bold and against the mainstream?
He sought histories “created from space” rather than removed from it.
“a religion of history based on faith”
social evolutionary theories
In defense of “social evolutionary theories” Marx noted what?
They’ve been used to overthrow colonialism before (?)
Smith wants to use social evolutionary theory as … (new term)
spatiotemporal ontology
How did Newton alter the understand of space (compared to Aristotle)?
Newton saw space as an object.
Cul Evo Theory represents simultaneity as …
sequence
If Cul Evo Theory true, then Indigenous peoples are …
contemporary ancestors (contradiction)
Who observed the radial diffusion of smaller towns around German cities and birthed “the central place theorists” – to add complexity to the linear idea of Soc Evo Theory?
Fred Schaeffer
Combined with economics, “location theory” was used by Archaeologists to …
justify classifications within Soc Evo Theory
The problem with “location theory” …
How could it be reconciled with universal history?
Why are monuments not always symbols of great and affluent settlements?
Monuments are often used to justify inequality / ideologically
The state is a relation between two things …
space and time
“Location theory” / space and time / thought to correspond directly to …
social evolutionary theories (Morgan & Tyler)
Mechanical laws / location theory – then challenged by …
organic absolutism
Childe’s word for how civilizations develop based on what is available / not available to them …
spatiality
Like Childe’s “spatiality”, Braudel used the word “_____”
conjuncture
WHAT was a move away from environmental determenism?
organicism
Organicism’s main weakness …
Could not explain convergent development of same features in different locations / with different resources …
Like Childe’s “spatiality” and Braudel’s “conjuncture” – Lucian Febvre’s “word”
possibilism
Spatial absolutism flaws
one dimensional / no historical dimension
What does “historicism” say about the death of Caesar?
It was an event in itself. Not a step in the development of anything (eschewing Soc Evo Theory)
Kant’s view of ascribing perception to space …
Bad idea. Space only exists as we perceive it (subjectively) -Kant
2 kinds of Historicism …
1) romantic historicism / romantic subjectivism (Biblical hermeneutics) 2) revivalist neohistoricism
revivalist neohistoricism draws on …
revivalist neohistoricism draws on phenomenology and semiotic theory
Biblical / romantic subjectivism always leans in the direction of …
an imagined victor (therefore can only serve the powerful)
What kind of method are the “communicative traditions”?
phenomenological (letting things “talk to you” / reading the landscape like a book)
Most ontologies cannot account for …
power
Without accounting for power, stone henge is just a configuration of large boulders = SO WHAT “NEO” METHOD CAN ATTEMPT TO TELL THE FULL STORY?
Neo-Subjectivism / Neo-Subjectivist Ontologies of Space
What do Neo-Subjectivist Ontologies of Space allow for?
Attempts to understand power structures / historicity
Alternate term for “Neo-Subjectivism”
Neo-Historicity
3 ways we can understand how landscapes are created (Lefebvre)
1) experience 2) perception 3) imagination
