Peter J.M. Nas, Rivke Jaffe, et al. "Urban Symbolic Ecology and the Hypercity"

Question 1

When did study of urbanism gain steam?

Answer 1

90’s

Question 2

Keven Lynch’s 3 criteria

Answer 2

1) identity 2) structure 3) meaning

Question 3

“___________” refers to more than one symbol acting together

Answer 3

referential symbolism

Question 4

Symbolic saturation =

Answer 4

when symbols become meaningless over time

Question 5

Symbols can come from which directions …

Answer 5

Top down / bottom up

Question 6

A»>B»>C describes what city

Answer 6

Singapore (in that it did not make an attempt to return to tradition – but instead became something new, perhaps?)

Question 7

What pattern would describe a city that attempts to return to tradition / decolonize?

Answer 7

A»>B»>A

Question 8

What features in Medieval Italy can we see in cities today?

Answer 8

towers (but they used to be for wealthy families)

Question 9

What is “signifier and signified”

Answer 9

the hypercity

Question 10

Baudrillard and Umberto Eco best explained what concept …

Answer 10

hyperreality

Question 11

when sunsets strike you as kitsch; when flowers smell like laundry detergent …

Answer 11

hyperreality

Question 12

The part of the hypercity that conflicts with the formal institutional image, and actively seeks to challenge and invert them …

Answer 12

shadow city

Question 13

2 key core approaches to urban symbolism

Answer 13

urban symbolic ecology & the hypercity