Lec 2 - Ritual, Social, & Political

Question 1

Paul Wheatley’s focus

Answer 1

development of urbanism in China (celestial microcosms)

Question 2

Mircea Eliade (3 points)

Answer 2

1) cities as hirophanies 2) Imago Mundi (image of the world) 3) Axis Mundi (portal to the heavens / underworld)

Question 3

Peircian semiotics describes the color red of a stop sign as …

Answer 3

the interpretant

Question 4

3 basic types of signs

Answer 4

1. icon 2. index 3. symbol

Question 5

Mimesis

Answer 5

metaphors / icons / when small thing look like big thing (pyramids to mountains)

Question 6

What do we need to be aware of beforehand in order to understand an index?

Answer 6

The meaning of the index (eg., the pointing finger).

Question 7

Hypercities create states, while capital cities …

Answer 7

are created by states

Question 8

in phenomenology, time & place are not ___

Answer 8

containers

Question 9

Christopher Tilley’s method

Answer 9

walking around

Question 10

Tilley criticism …

Answer 10

Saw ideas as end point instead of starting point

Question 11

Earliest known “axis mundi” of South America – where 2 rivers meet … Name of settlement?

Answer 11

Chavin de Huantar (900-250 BCE)

Question 12

What sound would one have heard while walking around Chavin de Huantar?

Answer 12

Roaring of water through intentionally fashioned drainage (same in Tiwanaku)

Question 13

the sculpted heads with animalic features likely bespeak …

Answer 13

shamanic transformation

Question 14

The Lanzon was …

Answer 14

sculpture of underworld deity / people on psychotropics would likely put water on it / in dimly-lit underground room