Week 3/4 - Freud

Question 1

Define Psychoanalysis

Answer 1

A theory / approach of personality
Deterministic

Question 2

Freud’s 3 Levels of Awareness

Answer 2

1 = UNCONSCIOUS : currently aware of
2= PRECONSCIOUS : not always thinking of but can bring it back
3= UNCONSCIOUS : sexual / aggressive drives

Question 3

Role of the Unconscious

Answer 3

• Dreams and Interpretations show inner though and interactions
• Manifest content of remembering the dream
• Latent content of hidden meaning of the dream
• Slips of the tongue

Question 4

Define Slips of the tongue/ Freudian Slips

Answer 4

Making an error in speaking / writing that reflects your hidden desire

Question 5

Define Psychic Energy

Answer 5

• Limited amount of energy for motivation
• Can choose / change where it directs

Question 6

Define Cathexis

Answer 6

Investment of psychic energy
-Positive so pressure doesn’t build up (temporary)
- Direct to different sources eg. Pleasure / tension

Question 7

3 Structures of Personality

Answer 7

1 = ID : present at birth , pleasure principle
2= EGO : 1st yr of life , reality principle
3= SUPEREGO : 3-5yrs moral principle

Question 8

How can the 3 structures of personality [Freud] create conflict

Answer 8

• Conflict = shapes personality
• Due to sex and aggressive impulses
• Major consequences due to frustration

Question 9

How does anxiety arise [Freud]

Answer 9

• Ego worrying the ID would be going out of control and do something bad
• Superego out of control = excessive guilt

Question 10

Define and examples of defence mechanisms

Answer 10

• Mainly unconscious reactions , protect person from unpleasant emotions
• eg repression, denial ,displacement , fixation

Question 11

How much does childhood influence personality?

Answer 11

• Psychosexual stages of development
• 2 drives of Eros (libido / life instinct) and Thanatos (aggressive / death instinct)

Question 12

Features of the libido / erogenous zones

Answer 12

• Expressed through sexual feelings
• Development from libido to one zone to another
• Certain tasks may need to be done

Question 13

How do development take place?

Answer 13

• Erogenous zone = sensitive to erotic stimulation
• Libido directed to zone
• To move to next stage libido must be freed from stage its in
• Tasks / Conflicts needed at each stage
• How a task is resolved shapes personality

Question 14

Features of the Oral Stage

Answer 14

• Obtained through oral activity
• Birth to 1yr
• Oral eroticism (sucking) and oral sadism (biting)
• Fixation = oral characteristics ( smoking , eating disorders , nail biting)

Question 15

Features of the Anal Stage

Answer 15

• 2 to 3yrs
• Anal sadistic (expulsion of faeces) and anal erotic (retain faeces)
• Task / Conflict of toilet training
• Retentive = perfection , neatness
• Expulsive = if as a child let it out at wrong time

Question 16

Features of the phallic stage

Answer 16

• 4 to 5yrs
• Conflict over masturbation and opposite sex parent
• Opidius Complex = castration anxiety
• Electra = Penis envy , solved by repression or identification with same sex parent

Question 17

Features of the Genital Stage

Answer 17

• Incest Taboo
• Task of intercourse with opposite sec (Eros)
• Pre genital = homosexuality

Question 18

Case studies [Freud] and evaluations

Answer 18

• Little Hans , phobia of horses , opedius complex stage (horse = penis , castration anxiety , displacement
• Subjective , inaccuracy , emphasis on sexuality
  + More valid , generalised , unconscious forces , psychotherapy