week 3 / 4

Question 1

Four interrelated factors explain political extremism

Answer 1

1. Phycological distress: angst maatschappelijke gebeurtenissen –> verschuiving naar extremisme
2. Relatively/cognitive simplistic –> simpel
3. Overconfident –> superieur
4. Less tolerant

Question 2

Junk News:

Answer 2

1. Professionalism
2. Style
3. Credibility
4. Bias
5. Counterfeit

Question 3

The rigidity of the extremes:

Answer 3

• Believe in conspiracies
• Simple solutions
• Socio-economic fear
• Derogate more societal groups
• Be less tolerant

Question 4

Mediatisation

Answer 4

• Adapting messages: media-logic, news, values and journalistic culture.
• Sensationalism
• Focus on individuals
• Affective journalism
• Events
• Spreading fear and cultivating perceptions of threat

Question 5

Populism

Answer 5

1. Singular leader with unique capacity to understand and represent the homogenous people
2. Traditional elite defends the rule of law and minorities
3. Populist vs elite
4. Betrayal of the people
5. The “other” outsider enemy of the people
6. Hostility of populists towards out-groups

Question 6

Social norms

Answer 6

1. Collective norms – enable code of conduct
2. Perceived norms – Avoid cognitive dissonance
3. Injunctive norms – Gain social approval
4. Descriptive norms – Provide social information
5. Subjective norms – Maintain interpersonal harmony

Question 7

De percepties over eerlijke uitslag Amerikaanse verkiezingen worden gevormd uit:

Answer 7

1. Partisan cues
2. Elite leadership rhetoric

Question 8

3 redenen voor conspiracy theories

Answer 8

1. Maken sense of the world
2. Geeft zekerheid in high-anxiety situatie door controle te krijgen
3. Save-face –> blamen andere voor problemen

Question 9

Junk news SM:

Answer 9

Twitter –> Trump supporter more than other groups
Facebook: extreme right Republicans share the most
Average: Twitter share wider Junk news than Facebook

Question 10

Anywhere’s:

Answer 10

progressive individualisme
- care about society, place high value autonomy, mobility, change and novelty.
- Educated and dominate are culture and society

Question 11

Somewhere’s

Answer 11

• Socially conservative and communitarian and some extent to authorian.
• Lower educated, older, rooted from middle class
• Populism, mistrust is politics, moderate nationalistic, uncomfortable about economic and cultural change