Week 3 Flashcards
Label
List the components of PNS
- Sensory: proprioceptors
−Muscle spindles
−Gogi tendon organs - Motor: lower motor neurons
−Alpha motor neurons
−Gamma motor neurons
Describe motor receptors and their functions
List the types the nerve types
A-alpha: Ia & Ib –muscle spindles & GTO
A-beta: II- muscle spindles
A-beta: Joint receptors: paciniform corpuscles and Ruffini’s endings
A-delta: free nerve endings
C: nociceptors
Label
What are the proprioceptor types? List function and location
Label and explain
What are the components of muscle spindles?
Label and explain
What are primary and secondary sensory endings?
What do muscle spindles do? Give an example from input of sensation
What do muscle spindles regulate? How do they regulate it?
Explain
Explain alpha gamma co-activation
What are the types of gamma motor neurons?
What would happen without gamma motor neurons?
- If the gamma motor neurons were not active, the spindle would slacken, and its discharge rate would decrease as the muscle shortened.
- Gamma neuron adjust the sensitivity of the muscle spindle via Ia afferents
- Reinforce alpha motor neuron activity
- Feedback mechanisms
List the order of events during alpha gamma co-activation
what are GTOs?
Give an example of GTO being activated
What are the differences between GTOs and muscle spindles during voluntary movement?
list an example for all nerve types
Describe motor units and motor neuron pools
What are the classifications of motor neurons?
Explain the neuromuscular junction
Describe the structure and function of muscle
What are the steps of muscle contraction?
Explain the all or none principle
How is muscle force controlled?
Explain rate coding
Explain the size principle
What is the difference between small vs large motor neurons?
Explain
Control of muscle force – varying number of active MUs and their discharge rates
What are the clinical implications if there is dysfunction in 1) voltage gated Ca2+ channel, 2) ACh esterase
What are the clinical implications of poliomyelitis (LMN disease)?
What are the clinical implications of post polio syndrome?
Where are the structures of the PNS located?
Describe the spinal and peripheral regions
Describe the organization of PNS from spinal portion to periphery?
1) dorsal root (sensory) + ventral root (motor) = spinal nerve
2) goes to dorsal and ventral rami
3) nerve trunks
4) plexus
5) specific nerves
Label and explain
Describe afferent, efferent, and interneurons
What are the basic structural components of the PNS?
Label and explain
label and explain
List the general functions and periphery nerve fiber types
(motor + sensory)
what is the relationship between roman numeral and alpha classifications of nerves?
List the general functions and sensory nerve fiber types
(sensory only)
Explain
- Nerve fibers with different diameters have different conduction velocity
- Organization of the dorsal horn of the spinal cord
How does movement help nerve health?
What happens to axons during movement?
