Week 3 Flashcards
What is the first system affected when a newborn is in distress?
Respiratory system
What other systems are affected when newborn is in distress or at risk of sepsis (in order)
Cardiovascular
CNS
GI Tract
Integumentary
What kind of tests do we want to do when a newborn is in distress?
Laboratory tests: see their CBC, blood cultures, cerebral spinal fluid cultures and stool/urine cultures
What are the more common signs of distress?
Decreased O2, poor perfusion, prolonged capillary refill, cool extremities, tachycardia, hypotension and respiratory distress
What is very important to do, when a newborn is unwell
Feed the newborn expressed milk
It helps fight off sepsis
What does colostrum contain
Antibody IgA helps with sepsis
What is the TOURCH COMPLEX
Studies for tests that are done for viral infections
What does Tourch stand for
Toxoplasmosis (parasitic disease)
Others (HPV, HIV, West Nile virus)
Rubella
CMV infections
Herpes simplex
What is ABO Incompatibility
Occurs if fetal blood type is A,B or AB and maternal type is O
Exchange transfusion are might be required in this case
Metabolic disease
Where the body is unable to breakdown certain substances such as foods, fats, proteins or sugars
Endocrine disease
Body produces too much or too little of certain hormones
Sickle cell disease
Affects movement of oxygen in the blood
Cystic Fibrosis
Causes problems with breathing and growth
Severe Combined Immunity Deficiency
Affects the body’s ability to fight infections
How long should a newborn be breastfed?
Recommended for 1st 6 months of life
How long is the vitamin D supplement required for a newborn?
Until 1 year of age if moms are breastfeeding
Is vitamin D in breast milk
Only vitamin that isn’t
If infants are weaned before age 12 months what should they receive
Iron-fortified infant formula
Why is breast milk considered a living tissue
It contains almost as many live cells as blood
Breast fed infants of vegan mothers should be supplemental what
B12
What should infants not be given
Low iron formula
How long do breast fed babies maintain adequate hemoglobin?
At least first 6 months of life
When are prolactin levels the highest?
10 days
What triggers the release of prolactin
Decrease in estrogen and progesterone levels after birth
What is the composition in the breast during a feed
60% skim milk
35% whole milk
Hindmilk
Denser calories from fat, protein and water soluble vitamins
What does LATCH stand for (way to see how effective breastfeeding is)
Latch
Audible swallowing
type of nipple
comfort
hold
What is the frequency of feedings
EVERY 2-3 hours from the time the newborn starts the feed
What is the usual duration of feedings
30 to 40 mins
What are special considerations of breast feeding that would need a lactation consultant to help
Sleep/fussy baby
Slow weight gain
Jaundice
preterm, late term babies
How is milk expressed
with the hand or mechanical (pumping)
How much weight is okay for a baby to lose while breast feeding
They lose weight in the first few days
Don’t want to lose more than 10% of birth weight
