Week 3 Flashcards
Articulo Definido (Definite article)/Genero (Gender)
El nino
The boy
Los Ninos
The boys/children
El Libro
The book
Los libros
The books
El hermano
The brother
Los hermanos
The brothers
La nina
The girl
La cancion
The song
Las canciones
The songs
La hermana
The sister
Las hermanas
The sisters
Nouns ending in which letters are masculine?
-l, -o, -n, -e, -r, -s
El papel
Paper
El Libro
Book
El portfolio
Portfolio
El gallo
Rooster
El plan
Plan
El mensaje
Message
El amro
Love
El mes
month
Nouns ending in what letters are feminine?
-a, -d, -cion, -sion, -umbre, -sis, -itis
La familia
Family
La mesa
Table
La casa
House
La autoridad
authority
La solicitud
Solitude
La cancion
song
La leccion
Lesson
La ilusion
Ilusion
La mision
Mission
La costumbre
Custom
La diagnosis
Diagnosis
La bronquitis
Bronchitis
El hombre
Man
El padre
Father
El enfermero
Male nurse
El escritor
Male writer
La mujer
Woman
La madre
Mother
La enfermera
Female nurse
La escritora
Female writer
T/F: nouns ending in “-ista” have the same form for both masculine and feminine. The article or context identifies the gender of the noun.
TRUE
El artista / La artista
Male artist/female artist
El cantante / La cantante
Male singer/female singer
El estudiante / la estudiante
Male student/female student
El pianista / La pianista
Male pianist/female pianist
El modelo / La modelo
Male model/female model
T/F: Some nouns have both a masculine and feminine form. The gender is determined by the meaning of the word.
TRUE
El capital
Capital/money
La capital
Capital city
El corte
Cut
La corte
Court
El cura
Priest
La cura
Cure
El orden
Order/arrangement
La orden
Order/command
El papa
Pope
La papa
Potato
El agua
Water
El dia
Day
El idioma
Language
El avion
Airplane
La mano
Hand
La photo
Photo
?Cuantos anos tienes tu?
How many years do you have?
La abreviacion
Abbreviation
La eleccion
Election
La Accion
Action
La elevacaion
Elevation
La adicion
Addition
La emocion
Emotion
La adopcion
Adoption
La evaluacion
Evaluation
La afirmacion
Affirmation
La excepcion
Exception
La aplicacion
Application
La exempcion
Exemption
La asociacion
Association
La faccion
Fraction
La atencion
Attention
La identificacion
Identification
La atraccion
Attraction
La immigracion
Immigration
La audicion
Audition
La informacion
Information
La autorizacion
Authorization
La inspeccion
Inspection
La celebracion
Celebration
La instruccion
Instruction
La coleccion
Collection
La introduccion
Introduction
La combinacion
Combination
La investigacion
Investigation
La condicion
Condition
La invitacion
Invitation
La conservacion
Conversation
La locion
Lotion
La construccion
Construction
La mocion
Motion
La contradiccion
Contradiction
La nacion
Nation
La declaracion
Declaration
La nocion
Notion
La decoracion
Decoration
La opcion
Option
La definicion
Definition
La operacion
Operation
La demolicion
Demolition
La pocion
Potion
La diccion
Diction
La pronunciacion
Pronunciation
La direccion
Direction
La puntuacion
Punctuation
La discriminacion
Discrimination
La segregacion
Segration
La distribucion
Distribution
La succion
Suction
La educacion
Education
La tradicion
Tradition
T/F: Definite and indefinite articles are not gendered
FALSE
El
The (masc.) Definite
La
The (fem) Definite
Los
The (Plural, masc); definite
Las
The (plural, fem); definite
Lo
The (neutral); direct object pronoun
Un
a/an (masc); Indefinite
Una
a/an (fem); Indefinite
Unos
some (masc); Indefinite
Unas
Some (fem); indefinite
La casa es blanca / Las casas son blancas
The house is white
El vestido es azul / Los vestidos son azul
The dress is blue
Una mujer habla espanol / Unas mujeres hablan espanol
A woman speaks Spanish
Un hombre esta en la oficina / unos hombres estan en la oficina
The man is in the office
T/F: Lo is considered a neutral pronoun
TRUE: it’s most commonly used as a direct object pronoun. It replaces a masculine noun to avoid repetition. Example: Yo tengo el perro (I have the dog) –Yo lo tengo (I have it)
T/F: When Lo is used as a neutral pronoun it can be used for arbitrary things or ideas that do not necessarily have a gender.
TRUE>Lo que quiero (What I want)
Lo que dijiste (What you said)
T/F: Adjectives have gender in Spanish and they have their own gender.
FALSE: Adjectives DO NOT have their own gender. They adopt the gender of the nouns they are describing.
T/F: For Spanish sentences to be grammatically correct, everything must match the gender and quantity of the noun.
TRUE: this means adjectives and articles have to become either plural, singular, masculine, or feminine depending on the noun.
La chica es bonita
The girl is pretty.
El perro es viejo.
The dog is old
Las flores son rojas
The flowers are red
Los brazos son largos
The arms are long
T/F: Nouns that end in “o” are masculine.
TRUE: when talking about living creatures
El gato
The male cat
El chico
The boy
El abuelo
The grandfather
T/F: nouns that end in “a” are masculine.
FALSE: when talking about living creatures, nouns that end in “a” are feminine.
La gata
The female cat
La chica
The girl
La abeula
The grandmother
T/F: Some male-associated nouns are feminine and vice versa.
TRUE: Not everything associated with a male will automatically be masculine, nor everything associated with a female will automatically be feminine; only distinct living creatures fall under this categorization.
La corbata
The necktie
El maquillaje
The makeup
El vestido
The dress
T/F: Groups are always referred to as MASCULINE.
TRUE: when there is a group of mixed gender, no matter what the ratio of females to males and males to females is, the group is always referred to as the masculine.
e.g., 1 nino + 4 ninas = 5 ninos
3 gatos + 3 gatas = 6 gatos
T/F: Nouns that end in consonants have masculine and feminine verions.
TRUE: masculine nouns that end in consonants have a corresponding feminine form that ends in “a”. e.g. El professor = la profesora; el doctor = la doctora; el senor = la senora
T/F: Some nouns are BOTH masculine and feminine despite their ending.
TRUE: some nouns that refer to professions do not change their forms (e.g., el taxista/la taxista–the taxi driver). This does not mean the importance of gender disappears. If the word does not change, the article is what tells you the gender.
El piloto / La piloto
male/female pilot
El soldado / La soldado
Male/female soldier
El modelo / la modelo
male/female model
El atleta / La atleta
Male/female athlete
T/F: Nouns that end in -sion are always feminine.
TRUE: Nouns that end in -sion will always require the feminine article.
La prision
The prison
T/F: Nouns that end in -cion are always masculine.
FALSE: Nouns that end in -cion will always require the feminine article
T/F: Nouns that end in -dad are always feminine.
TRUE: Nouns that end in -dad will always require the feminine article.
La habitacion
The room
La felicidad
The happiness
Los solicitud
The application
T/F: Nouns that end in -tud are always masculine.
FALSE: Nouns that end in -tud will always require the feminine article.
T/F: Nouns that end in -umbre are always feminine.
TRUE: Nouns that end in -umbre will always require the feminine article.
T/F: Nouns that end in -ama/-ema are usually masculine.
TRUE
El programa
The program
El diagrama
The diagram
El problema
The problem
El emblema
The emblem
T/F: Some nouns do not follow the “o” and “a” gender pattern.
TRUE: There are exceptions to the patterns. Some nouns that end in “a” are masculine and some nouns that end in “o” are feminine.
El dia
The day
El mapa
The map
El cura
The priest
El planeta
The planet
Lo foto
The photo
La mano
The hand
La radio
The radio
La moto
The motorcycle
