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Pharmacology ex.1 > Week 3 > Flashcards

Week 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Causes of insomnia

A
  1. pain
  2. night shift work
  3. major life stressors
  4. psychiatric illnesses
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2
Q

Meds for insomnia

A
  1. antihistamines
  2. melatonin agents
  3. benzodiazepine
  4. miscellaneous antidepressants
  5. benzodiazepine-like drugs
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3
Q

Ramelteon activates ________

A

melatonin receptors
(don’t activate TM3, nonaddictive, don’t help with nighttime awakenings)

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4
Q

Tralzaone is _________

A

an antidepressants (strong sedative properties)

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5
Q

Benzodiazepines cause

A

physical dependence, addiction

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6
Q

Benzodiazepine like drugs

A
  1. Eszopiclone
  2. Zaleplon
  3. Zolpidem
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7
Q

Benzodiazepine 1 receptors activates _________

A

sleep or sedation

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8
Q

benzodiazepine 2 receptors cause

A

decrease in anxiety and stop seizure activity

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9
Q

Benzodiazepine drugs are CNS ______

A

depressants (cause daytime sleepiness and complex sleeping behaviors)

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10
Q

Lobes of the brain

A
  1. frontal lobe
  2. temporal lobe
  3. parietal lobe
  4. occipital lobe
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11
Q

Frontal lobe is the _____ of the brain

A

CEO

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12
Q

Limbic system controls

A

learning
memory
emotions
basic drives (hunger and sex)

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13
Q

The brain has 86 _____ neurons

A

billion (they communicate with neurotransmitters)

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14
Q

Action potential is

A

An electrical discharge along the axon

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15
Q

Action potential cause

A

vesicles to empty their neurotransmitters into the synapse

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16
Q

Monoamines

A

dopamine
norepinephrine
serotonin

17
Q

dopamine

A

regulate attention, concentration, pleasure, energy, motivation, mood and muscle movement

18
Q

Noreprinephrine regulates

A

mood, alertness, concentration, and energy (helps depression or ADHD)

19
Q

Serotonin regulates

A

mood, anxiety , sexual desires and appetite

20
Q

Other neurotransmitters: Glutamate is the ______ pedal

A

gas

21
Q

GABA is the ______ pedal

A

brake

22
Q

Acetylcholine regulate

A

attention and memory (helpful for Alzheimer or parkinson)

23
Q

Major ways to terminate the signal

A
  1. Diffusion (float away into cerebrospinal fluid)
  2. Enzymatic degradation (enzymes end with ase)
  3. reuptake (pumps in the presynaptic terminal recycle)
24
Q

Major symptoms of ADHD

A
  1. Inattention
  2. Hyperactivity
  3. Impulsivity
25
Q

Norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine decrease ______ symptoms

A

ADHD

26
Q

CNS stimulants meds:

A

Methylphenidate
amphetamine
lisdexamfetamine

27
Q

CNS stimulants are prescribed for _______ and _______

A

ADHD and narcolepsy

28
Q

CNS stimulants block the reuptake of _______ and _____

A

dopamine and norepinephrine

29
Q

CNS Stimulant cause

A

addiction
anorexia
awakeness
arrhythmias

30
Q

Other ADHD Med: ACG

A

atomoxetine
clonidine
guanfacine

31
Q

Atomoxetine

A
  1. Technically an antidepressant but its only indication is ADHD
  2. Non-stimulant and not as effective
  3. cause appetite loss and growth suppression
  4. Cause suicidal ideation
  5. hepatoxicity (rare complication)
32
Q

Clonidine and guanfacine are _________

A

antihypertensive
Clonidine is used for opioid withdrawal and nerve pain

Pharmacology ex.1 (6 decks)

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