Week 2 Topic 2 Flashcards
What 3 key aspects define an Intellectual Disability?
1) Significantly reduced ability to understand new or complex information and learn new skills
2) Reduced ability to cope independently
3) Condition started before adulthood and has a lasting effect
What are Psychometrics?
Neuropsychological assessments
As IQ is a multi faceted concept, what 4 conditions have to be in place in order to use IQ tests?
1) They are designed for individual administration not groups
2) They are standardised
3) They are reliable and valid
4) They are based on a range of scores not just one single score
What Scale was the only one to do all 4 conditions to use IQ tests?
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
As well as an IQ assessment, what 3 other assessments are there?
Clinical, Home, School
Why is physical and psychological health care important for people with an Intellectual Disability?
Because these people are more likely to develop physical and psychological health difficulties, yet these people are less likely to access services e.g. less than 55% of eligible adults with an intellectual disability received a health check in 2010/11
People with an ID are also more at risk of what 3 things?
Vulnerability to abuse,
Higher social deprivation,
Poor communication skills
What was the dominant model in 1950’s for people with an ID?
Hospitalisation e.g. nearly half of NHS beds were people with mental illness/ID
What could have led to the shifting government thinking towards Community Care policies?
Concerns about the level of spending e.g. to keep these people in hospitlas
What year was there a shift from Institutional care to care in the Community?
1980’S/1990’s
Name 3 Community Learning Disability Teams?
Community Learning Disability Nurses, Speech and Language Therapists, and Clinical Psychologists
Who to work with?
Individual clients, Groups, Families
Name 3 forms of assessment
Cognitive, Dementia, Risk
What is there an increased focus on for people with ID?
Behavioural work, as they display challenging behaviour which can prevent their use of ordinary community facilities, this behaviour can be aggression, self injury or destructive behaviours
What are the 5 key elements of Positive Behaviour Support?
1) Undertake functional analysis
2) Inclusion of stakeholder perspective
3) Use of ecological strategies
4) Support strategies to reduce need for reactive behaviour
5) Enhance Quality of Life
What is Functional Analysis?
A tool used as part of a wider assessment which examines behaviour that is challenging at three stages
Outline the ABC idea from Functional Analysis?
A(antecedent) - what happens just before?
B(behaviour) - what does the person do?
C(consequence) - what does this person get as a result of the behaviour?
What does CBT say about behaviour being a product of something?
Almost all behaviour is a product of an interaction between external events, cognitions and emotions
CBT can be effective for people with an ID, as long as adaptations are made, name 3 of these adaptations?
1) Engaging the family and carers
2) Using pictures and images
3) Allowing more time
Name 3 potential requirements for CBT for those with an ID?
Emotional recognition, Naming and reporting emotions, Linking situation to mood
