Week 2 Topic 2

Question 1

What 3 key aspects define an Intellectual Disability?

Answer 1

1) Significantly reduced ability to understand new or complex information and learn new skills
2) Reduced ability to cope independently
3) Condition started before adulthood and has a lasting effect

Question 2

What are Psychometrics?

Answer 2

Neuropsychological assessments

Question 3

As IQ is a multi faceted concept, what 4 conditions have to be in place in order to use IQ tests?

Answer 3

1) They are designed for individual administration not groups
2) They are standardised
3) They are reliable and valid
4) They are based on a range of scores not just one single score

Question 4

What Scale was the only one to do all 4 conditions to use IQ tests?

Answer 4

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale

Question 5

As well as an IQ assessment, what 3 other assessments are there?

Answer 5

Clinical, Home, School

Question 6

Why is physical and psychological health care important for people with an Intellectual Disability?

Answer 6

Because these people are more likely to develop physical and psychological health difficulties, yet these people are less likely to access services e.g. less than 55% of eligible adults with an intellectual disability received a health check in 2010/11

Question 7

People with an ID are also more at risk of what 3 things?

Answer 7

Vulnerability to abuse,
Higher social deprivation,
Poor communication skills

Question 8

What was the dominant model in 1950’s for people with an ID?

Answer 8

Hospitalisation e.g. nearly half of NHS beds were people with mental illness/ID

Question 9

What could have led to the shifting government thinking towards Community Care policies?

Answer 9

Concerns about the level of spending e.g. to keep these people in hospitlas

Question 10

What year was there a shift from Institutional care to care in the Community?

Answer 10

1980’S/1990’s

Question 11

Name 3 Community Learning Disability Teams?

Answer 11

Community Learning Disability Nurses, Speech and Language Therapists, and Clinical Psychologists

Question 12

Who to work with?

Answer 12

Individual clients, Groups, Families

Question 13

Name 3 forms of assessment

Answer 13

Cognitive, Dementia, Risk

Question 14

What is there an increased focus on for people with ID?

Answer 14

Behavioural work, as they display challenging behaviour which can prevent their use of ordinary community facilities, this behaviour can be aggression, self injury or destructive behaviours

Question 15

What are the 5 key elements of Positive Behaviour Support?

Answer 15

1) Undertake functional analysis
2) Inclusion of stakeholder perspective
3) Use of ecological strategies
4) Support strategies to reduce need for reactive behaviour
5) Enhance Quality of Life

Question 16

What is Functional Analysis?

Answer 16

A tool used as part of a wider assessment which examines behaviour that is challenging at three stages

Question 17

Outline the ABC idea from Functional Analysis?

Answer 17

A(antecedent) - what happens just before?
B(behaviour) - what does the person do?
C(consequence) - what does this person get as a result of the behaviour?

Question 18

What does CBT say about behaviour being a product of something?

Answer 18

Almost all behaviour is a product of an interaction between external events, cognitions and emotions

Question 19

CBT can be effective for people with an ID, as long as adaptations are made, name 3 of these adaptations?

Answer 19

1) Engaging the family and carers
2) Using pictures and images
3) Allowing more time

Question 20

Name 3 potential requirements for CBT for those with an ID?

Answer 20

Emotional recognition, Naming and reporting emotions, Linking situation to mood