Week 2 Revision (switch with PAE Wk2) Flashcards
what do the motor neurons do when they reach the muscle?
Contract
what do the sensory neurons do when they reach the CNS?
provide feedback about tension, position and length of muscle
What does the cross-bridge theory try to do?
Contraction within a muscle
In the cross-bridge theory, what are the two main characters?
thin myosin and thick actin
In the cross-bridge theory, what causes the myosin to pull on the actin?
the release of ADP and Pi
What occurs when the maximum number of cross-bridges are present within a muscle fibre?
The greatest force is seen
what is meant by open-chained movement?
Where the distal end of a limb is able to move freely (ef. kicking a soccer ball)
What happens within the stretch-shortening cycle?
contraction (eccentric/concentric), followed by a rapid contraction (eccentric/concentric)
How can an anatomical cross-sectional area be identified?
The muscle fibres that are perpendicular to the logitundal axis
What is meant by fascicle length?
Length of the muscle fibres between superficial and deep layer
What is the pennation angle?
the angle between the longitudinal axis and the fibres
What type of twitch are type 1 muscle fibres?
Slow
What type of activity do type 2 muscle fibres do?
Short, high intensity
what type of fibre is responsible for anaerobic fitness?
Type 2
What type of fibre fatigues quickly?
Type 2
What type of fibre has fewer motor units?
Type 1
Is the ATP PC System anaerobic or aerobic?
Anaerobic
What is the time frame for Anaerobic glycolysis?
45seconds - 2 mins
What cell is seen most in the oxidative pathway?
Mitochondria
Are motor units all or none?
Yes
What is meant by rate coding of motor units?
more frequent rates of firing
What is Wolff’s theory?
Bone remodels depending on the force upon it
What does ligament connect?
Bone to bone
What does tendon connect?
bone to muscle
Where is cartlidge found?
synovial joints
What is the normative threshold of heart rate
60-100 beats per min
What is stroke volume?
the volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle per heartbeat (normative value is 70mL)
What is cardiac output?
the amount of blood pumped out of the heart per min (5L)
What is the normative value for blood pressure?
120/80
What is VO2 Max?
the maximum amount of O2 used during exercise
What is AVO2 difference?
the difference in O2 in arterial and venous blood during exercise
