Week 2- Reinforcement/extinction

Question 1

Reinforcement

Answer 1

Process where behaviour strengthened by immediate consequence that reliably occurs

Question 2

Reinforcer

Answer 2

Event/stimulus follows operant response and increases/maintains future probability

Question 3

Positive Reinforcement

Answer 3

Any event/stimulus when presented as consequence of behaviour increases or maintains future probability of that behaviour

Question 4

Negative Reinforcement

Answer 4

Any event/stimulus that when removed as consequence of behaviour increases or maintains future probability of that behaviour

Question 5

Escape behaviour

Answer 5

Operant beh increases by removing ongoing event or stimulus

Eg. pressing lever to stop schock

Question 6

Avoidance behaviour

Answer 6

Operant beh increases by preventing onset of event or stimulus
E.g. pressing lever to prevent shock

Question 7

Aversive Stimulus

Answer 7

Event/stimulus organism escapes or avoids

Question 8

Operant

Answer 8

Class of behaviour operates in environment to produce common environmental consequence

Question 9

Learning

Answer 9

Change in behaviour due to experience

Question 10

Operant Learning

Answer 10

Change in class of behaviour as a function of consequences that follow it

Question 11

Effect of reinforcing consequences

Answer 11

Increase frequency, duration, intensity, quickness (decrease in latency), variability

Question 12

Two ways of reinforcing

Answer 12

• add stimulus (positive reinforcement)

- remove stimulus (negative reinforcement)

Question 13

Two types of reinforcer

Answer 13

• UR

- CR

Question 14

Contingency

Answer 14

Degree of correlation between behaviour and its consequence

Question 15

Contiguity

Answer 15

Nearness of events in time (temporal contiguity) or space (spatial contiguity)

Pairing-high contiguity