Week 2 (ML) - Stages of Skill Acquisition Flashcards
What are the 3 stages of skill acquisition?
Cognitive
Associative
Autonomous
Define the cognitive stage of learning
“the understanding stage”
- Thinking about what needs to be done
- Requires high amounts of working memory and increased focus
- their performance is typically inconsistent, with frequent errors, as they consciously process each movement
- Movement are generally - slow, inconsistent and inefficient
Define the associative stage
- Learning HOW to solve the movement problem
- The learner understands the mechanics involved in the skill
- Can adjust errors in stable task and environment conditions
- Piecing together separate movement components and transitions
- Has improved fluidity and consistency
- Reduced working memory
Define the Autonomous Stage
“the Automatic Stage”
- skill movement execution is high
- movements are fluid with varying environments
- Improvements are typically slow
- skilled performers develop automated chunks
What is working memory?
Is the capability of retaining limited information amounts in an active state for ongoing tasks.
What is implicit learning?
Implicit learning involves direct accumulation of procedural knowledge, which is inaccessible for consciousness and is not dependent on working memory processing. Learners generally are unable to verbally describe the technicalities of the skill
Implicit learning is the process of acquiring skills or knowledge unconsciously, without explicit instruction or conscious awareness. In implicit learning, individuals learn patterns or behaviors through repeated exposure and practice rather than through deliberate attempts to memorize or understand rules
- Working memory is bypassed
What is explicit learning?
Explicit learning is learning which generates verbal knowledge of movement performance (e.g. facts and rules), involves cognitive stages within the learning process and is dependent on working memory involvement
