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GI 2 Exam 1 > Week 2 McGowan CIS Buzzwords > Flashcards

Week 2 McGowan CIS Buzzwords Flashcards

1
Q

benign hyperpigmentation of the colon

A

melanosis coli d/t laxative abuse

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2
Q

pseudomembranous colitis

A

C. diff

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3
Q

villous atrophy

A

celiac

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4
Q

fecal elastase

A

chronic pancreatitis d/t pancreatic insufficiency

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5
Q

iron def anemia, dermatitis herpetiformis

A

celiac disease

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6
Q

bloody diarrhea, undercooked beef

A

E. coli (EHEC) 0157:H7

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7
Q

what 2 conditions can gastroenteritis cause?

A

lactase deficiency, or IBS

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8
Q

rectal lactulose

A 
hepatic encephalopathy (confusion due to buildup of ammonia)
- causes diarrhea
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9
Q

non-anion gap metabolic acidosis

A

secretory diarrhea

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10
Q

elevated osmotic gap

A

osmotic diarrhea

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11
Q

fecal calprotectin

A

inflammation in GI tract (IBD)

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12
Q

when would you see hyponatremia and hypokalemia?

A

profuse diarrhea

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13
Q
  • weight loss
  • diarrhea up at night
  • fever
  • hematochezia/melena
  • acute onset
A

alarm symptoms

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14
Q

VIPoma

A

pancreatic cholera (secretory diarrhea)

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15
Q

tea colored urine

A

cholecystitis

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16
Q

omeprazole is a risk factor for what?

A

C. diff assoc colitis

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17
Q

malodorous water diarrhea

A

giardia

- dx: stool antigen

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18
Q

what is a complication and risk factor of toxic megacolon

A
  • caused by C. diff infection and UC

- at risk of perforation (especially when cecum >10cm)

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19
Q

metabolic acidosis or alkalosis associated with diarrhea?

A

acidosis

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20
Q

primary sclerosing cholangitis is a complication of what?

A

UC

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21
Q

norovirus associations

A

cruise ships, child care

- wash hands with SOAP AND WATER

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22
Q

microscopic colitis

A

medication induced inflammation

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23
Q

what are the risk factors of acute acute ischemic colitis?

A
  • CAD
  • vascular disease
  • vasoconstrictive drugs
  • marathon runners
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24
Q

severe, acute crampy abdominal pain (comes out of nowhere)

- followed by bloody BM

A

acute ischemic colitis

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25
Q

anti-DGP

A

test for celiac in IgA def patients (anti-digliadin peptide)

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26
Q

celiac’s have a higher risk of what?

A

osteoporosis (d/t malabsorption)

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27
Q

PAS stain on biopsy

A

Whipple disease

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28
Q

stool antigen?

A

Giardia (common cause!)

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29
Q

when would you order EGD with duodenal biopsy?

A

Celiac and Whipple

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30
Q

what are the 3 main causes of chronic diarrhea?

A
  1. meds
  2. IBS
  3. lactose intolerance
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31
Q

40-50 y/o male

  • malabsorption (vit A. D, E, K def)
  • non acid fast gram positive bacillus (PAS positive)
A

Whipple disease

32
Q

elevated iron saturation

A

hemachromatosis -> YERSINIA

33
Q

what is threshold Hg level to give blood

A

give blood if < 7g/dL

34
Q

fresh frozen plasma (FFP)

A

helps with clotting!

35
Q

IV pantoprazole

36
Q

what is the workup for most UGIB?

A
  • start PPI

- do endoscopy (to see what’s going on)

37
Q

skip lesions

38
Q

outpouchings in the colon

A

diverticulosis

39
Q

painless, profuse hematochezia

- stops on it’s own (no EGD necessary)

A

diverticulosis

40
Q

acute, painful cramping, lots of bleeding

A

acute ischemic colitis

41
Q

occult bleeding, pencil thin stools

A

colon cancer

42
Q

inflammation (leukocytosis), LLQ pain, no blood

A

diverticulitis

43
Q

rectal pain, no abd pain, bright red blood on toilet paper

A

hemorrhoid

44
Q

malformation of venous system

A

vascular ectasia

45
Q

thousands of adenomatous polyps

46
Q

gastric adenocarcinoma

A

Lynch syndrome

47
Q

MALToma

48
Q

FAP, juvenile polyps, Peutz-Jegher, Cowden syndrome

A

hamartomatous polyps

49
Q

what are the 2 co-morbidities of angioectasia of ascending colon?

A
  • chronic renal failure

- aortic stenosis

50
Q

can bloody noses cause melena?

A

yes! can swallow the bloody

51
Q

will UC cause melena?

A

probably not

- LGIB -> hematochezia

52
Q
  • smoker
  • dysphagia
  • GERD
A

increased risk esophageal cancer

53
Q
  • no dysphagia

- hematochezia (not melena)

A

colon cancer

54
Q

what two workups are contraindicated in toxic megacolon?

A
  1. colonoscopy
  2. barium enema
    - can cause perforation
    - > do plain abd Xray!!
55
Q

lead pipe sign, loss of Haustra

56
Q

string sign on plain Xray

57
Q

increased pressure at LES

58
Q

chelitis, koilonchya, iron def anemia, esophageal webs

A

Plummer-Vinson syndrome

59
Q

currant jelly stool

A

intussusception

60
Q
  • hamartomatous polyps

- hyperpigmentation of lips

A

Peutz- Jegher syndrome

61
Q

right side colon cancer, DNA basepair mismatch

- endometrial, ovarian metastases

A

Lynch syndrome

62
Q

tx with IV metranidazole

A

C. diff

  • more severe cases get vancomycin PO
63
Q

tx with oral corticosteroids

64
Q

tx for Shiga-like toxin

- +fecal leukocytes (leukocytosis)

A

rehydration

- EHEC (do NOT give abx! -> HUS)

65
Q

HPV increases risk of what?

A

anal cancer

66
Q

tearing pain with bowel movement, lots of bright red blood

A

anal fissure

67
Q

10 years prior to when youngest first-degree relative was diagnosed of colon cancer, or 40

A

colonoscopy

68
Q

capsule endoscopy

A

to view AVM (Crohns)

69
Q

periumbilical pain “out of proportion” from exam

  • NV
  • thumb printing on Xray
A

acute mesenteric ischemic

70
Q

red whale markings

A

esophageal varices

71
Q

aortic stenosis

72
Q

mucocutaneous macules on buccal mucosa

A

Peutz-Jegher syndrome

73
Q

ankylosing spondylitis “bamboo spine”

A

UC (HLA-B27)

74
Q
  • erythema nodosum
  • pyoderma gangrenosum
  • uveitis
  • aphthous ulcers
  • DVT
  • nephroplithiasis
A

extraintestinal manifestation of IBD

75
Q

primary sclerosing cholangitis

GI 2 Exam 1 (22 decks)

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