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GI 2 Exam 1 > Week 1 McGowan CIS Buzzwords > Flashcards

Week 1 McGowan CIS Buzzwords Flashcards

1
Q

elevated LES, with normal contractions

A

nutcracker esophagus

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2
Q

Trypanosoma cruzi infection

A

Chagas -> secondary achalasia

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3
Q

false diverticulum in posterior esophagus

A

Zenkers diverticulum

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4
Q

uncoordinated esophageal contraction

A

diffuse esophageal spasm (corkscrew)

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5
Q

manometry as dx of what? (3)

A

achalasia, DES, nutcracker esophagus

is dx ONLY

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6
Q

dysphagia, lost 10 lbs in last 3 weeks

A

EGD

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7
Q

food caught in distal throat, more likey esophageal or oropharyngeal?

A

esophageal

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8
Q

Plumer-vinson synd, eosinophilic esophagitis

A

esophageal webs

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9
Q

is Schatzi ring progressive?

A

no

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10
Q

is peptic stricture progressive?

A

yes (and pt will report heartburn has improved d/t increased narrowing)

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11
Q

panacinar emphysema

A

alpha 1 AT deficiency

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12
Q

B cell non-Hogdkin lymphoma

A

Sjogren synd (UNILATERAL parotitis)

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13
Q

bird beak on barium swallow

A

achalasia (progressive dysphagia)

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14
Q

corrugated ring appearance on EGD

A

eosinophilic esophagitis

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15
Q

anti-Scl-70 (anti-topoisomerase 1 An)

A

scleroderma

- tightening of skin on fingers/toes! (diffuse = proximal extremities/trunk, limited = distal extremities)

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16
Q

esophageal pH recording

A

GERD

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17
Q

nasopharyngoscopy

A

laryngo/pharyngeal cough

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18
Q

barium esophagography

A
  • Zenker’s (don’t want to perforate)
  • achalasia
  • DES
  • webs/rings
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19
Q

tardive dyskinesia

A

lip smacking, caused by gastroparesis

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20
Q

bilateral parotitis

A

mumps

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21
Q

high amplitude long duration esophageal contractions

A

nutcracker esophagus

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22
Q

spastic uncoordinated esophageal peristalsis

A

diffuse esophageal spasm (corkscrew)

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23
Q

inflammation caused by >15-20 eosinophils per hpf

A

eosinophilic esophagitis

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24
Q

rheumatologic disease with topoisomerase 1 Ab’s

A

diffuse scleroderma

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25
Q

herniation of mucosa in Killian’s triangle

A

Zenker’s

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26
Q

immune related bowel disease with ASCA Ab’s

A

CD

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27
Q

proximal protrusion on barium esophagram

A

Zenker’s

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28
Q

corckscrew esophagus on barium esophagram

A

DES

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29
Q

pneumomediastinum on plain Xray

A

Boerhaave’s syndrome

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30
Q

widened mediastinum on plain Xray

A

aortic dissection

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31
Q

fecal occult blood test (FOBT)

A

colon cancer screen

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32
Q

CBC (hemoglobin)

A

anemia

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33
Q

CMP (AST, ALT, electrolytes)

A

liver

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34
Q

goblet and columnar cells in esophagus

A

Barrett’s

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35
Q

friable mass, distal 1/3 of esophagus

A

esophageal adenocarcinoma

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36
Q

white plaques

A

candida

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37
Q

H. pylori infection a risk factor for what? (2)

A
  1. gastric adenocarcinoma

2. MALToma

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38
Q

iatrogenic esophagus

A

esophageal perforation (mechanical disorder)

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39
Q

Barrett’s -> ?

A

esophageal adenocarcinoma

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40
Q

smoking, drinking hot beverages?

A

esophageal SCC

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41
Q

HPV is risk factor for what?

A

SCC

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42
Q

profuse retching, spontaneous esophageal perforation, pneumomediastinum

A

Boerhaave’s

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43
Q

widened mediastinum

A

aortic dissection

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44
Q

loop of bowel in lung field

A

hiatal hernia

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45
Q

when is NG lavage contraindicated?

A

attempted suicide (chemical esophagitis)

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46
Q

is nutcracker esophagus a motility or mechanical disorder?

A

motility

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47
Q

red flag/alarm symptoms

A
  • mass
  • dysphagia/odynophagia
  • weight loss
  • any blood (hematochezia, hematemesis, melena)
  • virchow’s node
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48
Q

curling’s ulcer

A

severe burns

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49
Q

cushing’s ulcer

A

intracranial pressure -> stress ulcer

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50
Q

esophageal varices

A

portal HTN

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51
Q

Boerhaave syndrome

A

severe/profuse retching

Mallory Weiss tear is benign

52
Q

fasting gastrin level

53
Q

intrinsic factor Ab measurement

A

autoimmune gastritis

54
Q

fasting gastrin level

A

ZES (ulcer won’t getting better after PPI tx)

55
Q

what type of ulcer requires a repeat EGD with biopsy?

A

gastric ulcer 9have higher risk of cancer)

56
Q

recent travel to South America

A

Chagas -> secondary achalasia

57
Q

uncontrolled DM (2)

A

candida infection or gastroparesis

58
Q

is smoking a synergistic finding with H. pylori?

59
Q

smoked meats/ fish

A

gastric cancer (adenocarcinoma?)

60
Q

lipase 3x upper limit of normal

A

acute pancreatitis

61
Q

parietal cell antibodies

A

autoimmune gastritis

62
Q

tTG antibodies

63
Q

fasting gastrin

A

ZES (ulcer not getting better after PPI tx)

64
Q

anti-topoisomerase 1 antibodies

A

scleroderma

65
Q

most common sites of MEN1 adenomas?

A

pancreas, parathyroid, pituitary

66
Q

bad taste in mouth

A

water brash

67
Q

most common sites of MEN1 adenomas?

A
  • pancreas (ZES)
  • parathyroid (hypercalcemia ->constipation)
  • pituitary
68
Q

subcutaneous emphysema, iatrogenic perforation

69
Q

hemoglobin A1C

70
Q

gastric empty study/gastric scintigraphy

A

diabetes, NV, gastroparesis

71
Q

RUQ abdominal US

A

gallbladder -> acute cholecystitis

72
Q

low MCV

A

microcytic anemia

- iron def

73
Q

high MCV

A

macrocytic anemia

  • folate, B12 deficiency
  • autoimmune gastritis
74
Q

KUB plain Xray

75
Q

emergent EDG

A

alarm symptoms, mallory weiss tear, varices bleed

76
Q

B12 deficiency, what should you give?

A

parenteral cyanocobalamin (IM injection of B12)

77
Q

fecal antigen

78
Q

hydrogen breath test

A

lactase def

79
Q

urea breath test

80
Q

how long can serum H. pylori antibodies last post infection?

A

up to 2 years

81
Q

lipid panel

A

pancreatitis

82
Q

dark colored urine, clay colored stool?

A

blocked bile duct (choledocolithiasis)

83
Q

2 most common causes of pancreatitis?

A

alcohol (men) and gallstones (women)

84
Q

krukenburg tumor

A

metastasis in ovary from gastric adenocarcinoma

85
Q

pseudocyst

A

acute pancreatitis

86
Q

gangrene

A

acute cholecystitis

87
Q

B12 deficiency

A

autoimmune gastritis

88
Q

emphysematous gallbladder

A

diabetic with acute cholecystitis

89
Q

diagnostic criteria for pancreatitis

A
  1. epigastric pain
  2. lipase 3x limit of normal
  3. CT findings
90
Q

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

A

for choledocolitiasis, cholangitis (inflamed bile duct)

- is dx and tx

91
Q

what 2 cancers are associated with autoimmune gastritis?

A
  1. adenocarcinoma

2. carcinoid tumors

92
Q

acoustic shadow on US

A

gallstones

93
Q

Crohns is a risk factor for what (especially if located in ileum)?

A

gallstones

94
Q

Cullen’s sign

A

periumbilical echymosis -> acute pancreatitis

95
Q

Grey Turner sign

A

flank echymosis -> acute pancreatitis

96
Q

Murphy sign

A

acute chocystitis

97
Q

Virchow node lymphadenopathy (in L supraclavicular fossa)

A

gastric adenocarcinoma and Krukenberg tumor (ovary metastasis)

98
Q

palmer erythema

A

red palms -> liver cirrhosis

99
Q

increase in rugal folds, hypopreteinemia, edema/anasarca, epigastric pain

A

Menetrier syndrome

100
Q

spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

A

portal HTN/ascites -> transposition of fluid from gut to peritoneum

101
Q

ENT concern (hearing loss), N/V (vertigo)

A

Meniere’s disease

102
Q

adhesions

A

post-surgery, most common cause of SBO

103
Q

obstipation

A

complete blockage: stool and gas

104
Q

MRCP

A

magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography

- **dx and tx of biliary tree*

105
Q

tx for Mallory Weiss tear?

A

ablation, cauterization

106
Q

transvenous intrahepatic portosystemic shunt

A

for portal HTN

107
Q

transvenous intrahepatic portosystemic shunt as tx for what?

A

for portal HTN

108
Q

esophagectomy as tx for what?

A

SCC of esophagus (NOT adenocarcinoma)

109
Q

what is a complication of eosinophilic esophagitis?

A

perforation

110
Q

drink lots of water and remain upright for what?

A

pill esophagitis

111
Q

what is the tx of esphageal varices?

A
  1. stabilize (2 large bore IV’s)
  2. PPI
  3. BAND LIGATION
112
Q

aortoenteric fistula

A

congenital

113
Q

when would you perform an NG tube suction?

A

SBO (NOT colon)

-will help with NV

114
Q

minnesota tube insertion

A

esophageal ballon, for varices

115
Q

colonoscopic decompression

A

pseudo-obstruction of colon

116
Q

INR, then ERCP?

A

choledocolithiasis

117
Q

arterial penetration in the posterior aspect of body of the stomach?

A

splenic artery

- gastroduodenal artery second most connom

118
Q

prednisone use, co-infection with H. pylori

- smoking

119
Q

hypertriglyceridemia

A

pancreatitis (order lipid panel)

120
Q

red whale markings

A

esophageal varices, increased risk of bleeding

121
Q

fried rice organism

A

bacillus cereus

122
Q

mayo, eggs, dairy organism

- watery diarrhea

A

staph aureus

123
Q

shellfish

- rice water stool

A

vibrio cholera

124
Q

veggies, potato salad

- bloody diarrhea

125
Q

1 unit packed RBC will increase Hg how much?

A

1 unit

normal Hg=12-16g/dL

126
Q

mild dysphagia, sharp burning chest pain

  • younger men
  • hematemesis
A

erosive esophagitis

GI 2 Exam 1 (22 decks)

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