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Anatomy Course : ) > Week 2 Lecture 2-3 > Flashcards

Week 2 Lecture 2-3 Flashcards

1
Q

Purpose of the clavicle

A

braces that hold the scapulae and the arms out laterally from the throax
- transmit compression force from the upper limbs to the axial skeleton

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2
Q

Parts of the Upper Limb

A

Hand, Forearm, Arm

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3
Q

Parts of the Lower Limb

A

Foot, Leg, Thigh

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4
Q

Sternal Ends meaning

A

On the clavical, the part that attaches to the sternum

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5
Q

Manubrium Meaning

A

Part on the sternum that attaches to the clavical

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6
Q

List the Rotator Cuff Muscles

A

1) subscapularis, 2)
supraspinatus, 3) infraspinatus, and the 4) teres minor

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7
Q

Rotator Cuff Muscles Attachment Points

A

Supraspinatus, Teres Minor, Infraspinatus ALL insert into the GREATER
tubercle of humerus but Subscapularis, inserts into the LESSER tubercle.

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8
Q

Protraction Meaning

A

Pushing forward, making the scapular blades apart

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9
Q

Retraction meaning

A

Pulling back, making the scapula closer

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10
Q

Three angles on the scapula

A

Inferior angle, Superior angle, Lateral Angle

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11
Q

What is the notch where the nerves coming from the brachial plexus go through?

A

Suprascapular notch

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12
Q

Where does the subscapularis origin?

A

Subscapular fossa

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13
Q

Where does the Supraspinatus attach?

A

the supraspinous fossa

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14
Q

where does the infraspinatus orgin

A

the infraspinous fossa

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15
Q

What is the thing above the glenoid cavity called?

A

Supraglenoid tubercle

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16
Q

What is the thing under
the glenoid fossa called

A

Infraglenoid tubercle

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17
Q

Which distal end of the humerus attach to the radius?

A

Capitulum

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18
Q

What distal end of the humerus articulates with the ulna?

A

Trochlea

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19
Q

What is the thing between the Greater Tubercle and Lesser Tubercle called?

A

Intertubercular groove

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20
Q

What is the wearing away of the articular cartilage?

A

Arthritis

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21
Q

Dislocation reason?

A

Most dislocations are in the anterior plane
Head of humerus will slip out of the glenoid fossa
- no bones below
- someone comes down on you

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22
Q

what is the muscle with the main action called?

A

Primer mover, agonist, major action

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23
Q

What is the opposite muscle?

A

Antagonist, which opposes the action

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24
Q

what is the muscle that helps

A

Synergist

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25
Q

Muscles on posterior Thorax

A

Trapezius (considered 3 muscles)
Levator Scapulae
Rhomboids (Minor and major, considered as one muscle)

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26
Q

Anterior Thorax

A

Pectoralis Minor
Serratus Anterior
Subclavius

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27
Q

Movements of the Scapula?

A
  1. Elevation (shrugging shoulder) and Depression
  2. Protraction (like a punching movement) and Retraction (standing at attention)
  3. Upward and Downward Rotation
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28
Q

Trapezius function (4)

A
  • posterior
  • stabilizes, raises, retracts and rotates scapulae
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29
Q

Levator Scapulae Functions

A
  • Posterior
  • Elevates and retracts Scapula
  • Elevates scapula and tilts
    glenoid fossa inferiorly by rotating
    scapula
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30
Q

Rhomboids Function

A

Stabilizes and helps retracts the scapula

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31
Q

Pectoralis Minor Function

A
  • Anterior
  • stabilizes scapula by drawing it
    inferiorly and anteriorly against the
    thoracic wall
  • forward
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32
Q

Serratus anterior Function

A
  • Anterior
  • rotates scapula lateral and upward; important role in raising the arm and horizontal arm movements (pushing and punching)
  • protracts and stabilizes scapula,
    assists with upward rotation
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33
Q

Subclavius Function

A

Helps stabilize and depress pectoral girdle

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34
Q

Levator Scapulae Origin

A

Neck: transverse process of vertebrae C1-C4

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35
Q

Levator Scapulae Insertion

A

Superior Part of the Medial Scapula

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36
Q

Levator Scapulae Action

A

Elevates scapula and tilts glenoid fossa interiorly by rotating scapula

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37
Q

Levator Scapulae Innervation:

A

Dorsal scapular (C5) and cervical nerves (C3-C4)

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38
Q

Trapezius Origin

A

Medial 1/3 of superior nuchal line, external occiptal protuverance; nuchal ligament and spinous process of C7-T12

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39
Q

Trapezius Insertion

A

Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

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40
Q

Trapezius Action

A

Elevates, retracts and rotates
scapula; superior fibers elevate, medial
fibers retract and inferior fibers depress
scapula

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41
Q

Trapezius Innervation

A

Accessory Nerve (CN XI), Cranial Nerves

42
Q

RHOMBOID (major and minor) Origin

A

Minor: nuchal ligament and spinous
processes of C7-T1
Major: spinous processes of T2-T5

43
Q

RHOMBOID (major and minor) Insertion

A

Medial border of scapula

44
Q

RHOMBOID (major and minor) Action

A

Retracts scapula and rotates it to
depress the glenoid cavity; fixes scapula
to thoracic wall

45
Q

RHOMBOID (major and minor) innervation

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

46
Q

PECTORALIS MINOR origin

A

3rd to 5th ribs near their costal
cartilages

47
Q

PECTORALIS MINOR insertion

A

Coracoid process of the
scapul

48
Q

PECTORALIS MINOR Action

A

stabilizes scapula by drawing it
inferiorly and anteriorly against the
thoracic wall

49
Q

PECTORALIS MINOR Innervation

A

Medial Pectoral Nerve

50
Q

SERRATUS ANTERIOR
(boxer’s muscle) origin

A

fleshy slips from upper ribs

51
Q

SERRATUS ANTERIOR
(boxer’s muscle) insertion

A

costal aspect of medial
margin of scapula

52
Q

SERRATUS ANTERIOR
(boxer’s muscle) Action

A

protracts and stabilizes scapula,
assists with upward rotation

53
Q

SERRATUS ANTERIOR
(boxer’s muscle) innervation

A

long thoracic nerve

54
Q

Rotator Cuff Muscles purpose

A

help to anchor the head of
the humerus into the glenoid cavity of the shoulder joint.Some (3/4) act to rotate the humerus (either medially or laterally); one
(supraspinatus) acts to abduct the arm.

55
Q

Subscapularis Innervation

A

subscapular nerve

56
Q

Subscapularis Function

A

Primary Medial Rotator of the humerus and also holds the
head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity, stabilizing the shoulder

57
Q

Supraspinatus Function

A

Initiates abduction, stabilizes shoulder and prevents
Downward dislocation of humerus
-

58
Q

Supraspinatus innervation

A
  • greater tubercle
    suprascapular
59
Q

Infraspinatus Function

A

Rotates humerus laterally, helps to hold head of humerus in
glenoid cavity which stabilizes the shoulder joint; innervation by

60
Q

Infraspinatus Innervation

A

suprascapular nerve

61
Q

Teres Minor Function

A

Rotates humerus laterally, helps to hold head of humerus in
glenoid cavity which stabilizes the shoulder joint; innervation by

62
Q

Teres Minor Innervation

A

axillary nerve

63
Q

Pectoralis Major Origin

A

Clavicular head: Medial half of clavicle
Sternocostal head: sternum, superior 6 costal
cartilages and aponeurosis of external oblique

64
Q

Pectoralis Major Insertion

A

Lateral lip of
intertubercular groove

65
Q

Pectoralis Major Innervation

A

Lateral and medial
pectoral nerves

66
Q

Pectoralis Major Action

A

Flexion, adduction and medial rotation of
shoulder

67
Q

Coracobrachialis Origin

A

Coracoid process

68
Q

Coracobrachialis Insertion

A

Mid shaft of humerus,
Medial side

69
Q

Coracobrachialis Innervation

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

70
Q

Coracobrachialis Action

A

Flexion and adduction of the arm

71
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Origin

A

Spinous processes of T6-T12,
thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest
and inferior 3-4 ribs

72
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Insertion

A

Intertubercular groove of
humerus

73
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Innervation

A

Thoracodorsal nerve

74
Q

Latissimus Dorsi Action

A

Extension, adduction and medial rotation of the
shoulder

75
Q

Teres Major Origin

A

Dorsal surface of the
inferior angle of the scapula

76
Q

Teres Major Insertion

A

medial lip of intertubercular
groove

77
Q

Teres major Innervation

A

Lower subscapular
nerve

78
Q

Teres Major Action

A

Extension, adduction and medial rotation of the
arm

79
Q

Deltoid Origin

A

lateral 1/3 of clavicle,
acromion and spine of scapula

80
Q

Deltoid Insertion

A

deltoid tuberosity

81
Q

Deltoid Innervation

A

Axillary nerve

82
Q

Deltoid Action

A

Anterior Fibers: flexion and medial rotation of the arm
Middle Fibers: abduction of the arm
Posterior Fibers: extension and lateral rotation of the arm

83
Q

Biceps Brachii Origin

A

Short head: coracoid process
Long head: supraglenoid tubercle

84
Q

Biceps Brachii Insertion

A

radial tuberosity and bicipital
aponeurosis

85
Q

Biceps Brachii Innervation

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

86
Q

Biceps Brachii Action

A

Forearm supination and elbow flexion

87
Q

Brachialis Origin

A

distal ½ of anterior
surface of humerus

88
Q

Brachialis Insertion

A

coronoid process of ulna

89
Q

Brachialis Innervation

A

Musculocutaneous nerve

90
Q

Brachialis Action

A

forearm flexion

91
Q

Triceps Brachii Origin

A

Long head: infraglenoid tubercle
Medial head: posterior humerus below radial groove
Lateral head: posterior humerus above radial groove

92
Q

Triceps Brachii Insertion

A

proximal end of olecranon process
and forearm fascia

93
Q

Triceps Brachii Innervation

A

Radial nerve

94
Q

Triceps Brachii Action

A

Extension of the arm,
long head steadies head of abducted humerus

95
Q

.

A

.

96
Q

.

A

.

97
Q

.

A

.

98
Q

What are compartments

A

Dense and fibrous connective tissue divides the muscles of
the limbs into anatomical compartments.
Muscles in the same compartment have similar actions and
innervation

99
Q

What is compartment Syndrome

A

The abnormal increase of interstitial pressure in a closed
fascial compartment.

100
Q

What does compartment syndrome result in

A

Results in;
* Microvascular compromise
* Impaired myoneural function
* Necrosis

101
Q
A

Anatomy Course : ) (10 decks)

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