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Anatomy Course : ) > Week 2 Lecture 2-3 > Flashcards

Week 2 Lecture 2-3 Flashcards

1
Q

Purpose of the clavicle

A

braces that hold the scapulae and the arms out laterally from the throax
- transmit compression force from the upper limbs to the axial skeleton

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2
Q

Parts of the Upper Limb

A

Hand, Forearm, Arm

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3
Q

Parts of the Lower Limb

A

Foot, Leg, Thigh

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4
Q

Sternal Ends meaning

A

On the clavical, the part that attaches to the sternum

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5
Q

Manubrium Meaning

A

Part on the sternum that attaches to the clavical

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6
Q

List the Rotator Cuff Muscles

A

1) subscapularis, 2)
supraspinatus, 3) infraspinatus, and the 4) teres minor

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7
Q

Rotator Cuff Muscles Attachment Points

A

Supraspinatus, Teres Minor, Infraspinatus ALL insert into the GREATER
tubercle of humerus but Subscapularis, inserts into the LESSER tubercle.

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8
Q

Protraction Meaning

A

Pushing forward, making the scapular blades apart

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9
Q

Retraction meaning

A

Pulling back, making the scapula closer

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10
Q

Three angles on the scapula

A

Inferior angle, Superior angle, Lateral Angle

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11
Q

What is the notch where the nerves coming from the brachial plexus go through?

A

Suprascapular notch

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12
Q

Where does the subscapularis origin?

A

Subscapular fossa

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13
Q

Where does the Supraspinatus attach?

A

the supraspinous fossa

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14
Q

where does the infraspinatus orgin

A

the infraspinous fossa

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15
Q

What is the thing above the glenoid cavity called?

A

Supraglenoid tubercle

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16
Q

What is the thing under
the glenoid fossa called

A

Infraglenoid tubercle

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17
Q

Which distal end of the humerus attach to the radius?

A

Capitulum

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18
Q

What distal end of the humerus articulates with the ulna?

A

Trochlea

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19
Q

What is the thing between the Greater Tubercle and Lesser Tubercle called?

A

Intertubercular groove

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20
Q

What is the wearing away of the articular cartilage?

A

Arthritis

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21
Q

Dislocation reason?

A

Most dislocations are in the anterior plane
Head of humerus will slip out of the glenoid fossa
- no bones below
- someone comes down on you

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22
Q

what is the muscle with the main action called?

A

Primer mover, agonist, major action

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23
Q

What is the opposite muscle?

A

Antagonist, which opposes the action

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24
Q

what is the muscle that helps

A

Synergist

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25
Muscles on posterior Thorax
Trapezius (considered 3 muscles) Levator Scapulae Rhomboids (Minor and major, considered as one muscle)
26
Anterior Thorax
Pectoralis Minor Serratus Anterior Subclavius
27
Movements of the Scapula?
1. Elevation (shrugging shoulder) and Depression 2. Protraction (like a punching movement) and Retraction (standing at attention) 3. Upward and Downward Rotation
28
Trapezius function (4)
- posterior - stabilizes, raises, retracts and rotates scapulae
29
Levator Scapulae Functions
- Posterior - Elevates and retracts Scapula - Elevates scapula and tilts glenoid fossa inferiorly by rotating scapula
30
Rhomboids Function
Stabilizes and helps retracts the scapula
31
Pectoralis Minor Function
- Anterior - stabilizes scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against the thoracic wall - forward
32
Serratus anterior Function
- Anterior - rotates scapula lateral and upward; important role in raising the arm and horizontal arm movements (pushing and punching) - protracts and stabilizes scapula, assists with upward rotation
33
Subclavius Function
Helps stabilize and depress pectoral girdle
34
Levator Scapulae Origin
Neck: transverse process of vertebrae C1-C4
35
Levator Scapulae Insertion
Superior Part of the Medial Scapula
36
Levator Scapulae Action
Elevates scapula and tilts glenoid fossa interiorly by rotating scapula
37
Levator Scapulae Innervation:
Dorsal scapular (C5) and cervical nerves (C3-C4)
38
Trapezius Origin
Medial 1/3 of superior nuchal line, external occiptal protuverance; nuchal ligament and spinous process of C7-T12
39
Trapezius Insertion
Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula
40
Trapezius Action
Elevates, retracts and rotates scapula; superior fibers elevate, medial fibers retract and inferior fibers depress scapula
41
Trapezius Innervation
Accessory Nerve (CN XI), Cranial Nerves
42
RHOMBOID (major and minor) Origin
Minor: nuchal ligament and spinous processes of C7-T1 Major: spinous processes of T2-T5
43
RHOMBOID (major and minor) Insertion
Medial border of scapula
44
RHOMBOID (major and minor) Action
Retracts scapula and rotates it to depress the glenoid cavity; fixes scapula to thoracic wall
45
RHOMBOID (major and minor) innervation
Dorsal scapular nerve
46
PECTORALIS MINOR origin
3rd to 5th ribs near their costal cartilages
47
PECTORALIS MINOR insertion
Coracoid process of the scapul
48
PECTORALIS MINOR Action
stabilizes scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against the thoracic wall
49
PECTORALIS MINOR Innervation
Medial Pectoral Nerve
50
SERRATUS ANTERIOR (boxer’s muscle) origin
fleshy slips from upper ribs
51
SERRATUS ANTERIOR (boxer’s muscle) insertion
costal aspect of medial margin of scapula
52
SERRATUS ANTERIOR (boxer’s muscle) Action
protracts and stabilizes scapula, assists with upward rotation
53
SERRATUS ANTERIOR (boxer’s muscle) innervation
long thoracic nerve
54
Rotator Cuff Muscles purpose
help to anchor the head of the humerus into the glenoid cavity of the shoulder joint.Some (3/4) act to rotate the humerus (either medially or laterally); one (supraspinatus) acts to abduct the arm.
55
Subscapularis Innervation
subscapular nerve
56
Subscapularis Function
Primary Medial Rotator of the humerus and also holds the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity, stabilizing the shoulder
57
Supraspinatus Function
Initiates abduction, stabilizes shoulder and prevents Downward dislocation of humerus -
58
Supraspinatus innervation
- greater tubercle suprascapular
59
Infraspinatus Function
Rotates humerus laterally, helps to hold head of humerus in glenoid cavity which stabilizes the shoulder joint; innervation by
60
Infraspinatus Innervation
suprascapular nerve
61
Teres Minor Function
Rotates humerus laterally, helps to hold head of humerus in glenoid cavity which stabilizes the shoulder joint; innervation by
62
Teres Minor Innervation
axillary nerve
63
Pectoralis Major Origin
Clavicular head: Medial half of clavicle Sternocostal head: sternum, superior 6 costal cartilages and aponeurosis of external oblique
64
Pectoralis Major Insertion
Lateral lip of intertubercular groove
65
Pectoralis Major Innervation
Lateral and medial pectoral nerves
66
Pectoralis Major Action
Flexion, adduction and medial rotation of shoulder
67
Coracobrachialis Origin
Coracoid process
68
Coracobrachialis Insertion
Mid shaft of humerus, Medial side
69
Coracobrachialis Innervation
Musculocutaneous nerve
70
Coracobrachialis Action
Flexion and adduction of the arm
71
Latissimus Dorsi Origin
Spinous processes of T6-T12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest and inferior 3-4 ribs
72
Latissimus Dorsi Insertion
Intertubercular groove of humerus
73
Latissimus Dorsi Innervation
Thoracodorsal nerve
74
Latissimus Dorsi Action
Extension, adduction and medial rotation of the shoulder
75
Teres Major Origin
Dorsal surface of the inferior angle of the scapula
76
Teres Major Insertion
medial lip of intertubercular groove
77
Teres major Innervation
Lower subscapular nerve
78
Teres Major Action
Extension, adduction and medial rotation of the arm
79
Deltoid Origin
lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula
80
Deltoid Insertion
deltoid tuberosity
81
Deltoid Innervation
Axillary nerve
82
Deltoid Action
Anterior Fibers: flexion and medial rotation of the arm Middle Fibers: abduction of the arm Posterior Fibers: extension and lateral rotation of the arm
83
Biceps Brachii Origin
Short head: coracoid process Long head: supraglenoid tubercle
84
Biceps Brachii Insertion
radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis
85
Biceps Brachii Innervation
Musculocutaneous nerve
86
Biceps Brachii Action
Forearm supination and elbow flexion
87
Brachialis Origin
distal ½ of anterior surface of humerus
88
Brachialis Insertion
coronoid process of ulna
89
Brachialis Innervation
Musculocutaneous nerve
90
Brachialis Action
forearm flexion
91
Triceps Brachii Origin
Long head: infraglenoid tubercle Medial head: posterior humerus below radial groove Lateral head: posterior humerus above radial groove
92
Triceps Brachii Insertion
proximal end of olecranon process and forearm fascia
93
Triceps Brachii Innervation
Radial nerve
94
Triceps Brachii Action
Extension of the arm, long head steadies head of abducted humerus
95
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98
What are compartments
Dense and fibrous connective tissue divides the muscles of the limbs into anatomical compartments. Muscles in the same compartment have similar actions and innervation
99
What is compartment Syndrome
The abnormal increase of interstitial pressure in a closed fascial compartment.
100
What does compartment syndrome result in
Results in; * Microvascular compromise * Impaired myoneural function * Necrosis
101

Anatomy Course : ) (14 decks)

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