Week 2: History and Assumptions

Question 1

1869: Francis _______ released a book in regards to fitness and related early tests

Answer 1

Galton

Question 2

1890: James Catell used a ‘M_____ test”

Answer 2

Mental

Question 3

Intelligence tests: 1905 the _____-Simon scale was used in developmental psych

Answer 3

Binet-Simon

Question 4

1916: Terman developed S______-Binet test and develops the idea of Intelligence Q________

Answer 4

Stanford; Quotient

Question 5

Who was associated with WW1 (1914) intelligence testing? (Army Alpha; Army Beta)

Answer 5

Yerkes

Question 6

Nominal Scales of Psych Measurement:

• q__________
• Categories as mutually exclusive va________
• No mathematical attributes

Answer 6

qualitative; variables;

Question 7

Ordinal scales of psych measurement:

- Ranking as low level measurement of m________ (direction but not size)

Answer 7

magnitude

Question 8

Interval scale of psych measurement:

• Equal change between units provides magnitude of d_______
• No absolute 0
• Cannot use ratios

Answer 8

difference

Question 9

Psychological tests:

- An objective and st_________ measure of a sample of behaviour

Answer 9

standardised

Question 10

Basic assumptions of Psych Testing:
1 Each test has some similar m_______ for different people

2 People are able to perceive & describe their self-c______ and per________ accurately

3 People will report their thoughts and feelings h_______

Answer 10

meaning; self-concepts; personalities; honestly

Question 11

Basic Assumptions:

1: An individual’s test (and actual) b_________ is rather consistent over time (reliability)
2: The test measures what it is supposed to measure (v______)
3: Observed score on a test = True score + the e_____

Answer 11

behaviour ; validity ; error

Question 12

Test Types:

Most psychological tests can be sorted into 3 general categories:

1. Tests in which the subject performs a t____.
2. Tests that involve observations of the subject’s behaviour within a particular c______.
3. S___- r______ measures

Answer 12

task; context; Self-report

Question 13

What are the three types of ability tests?
1 A_________
2 A_________
3 I__________

Answer 13

achievement; aptitude; Intelligence

Question 14

Psychological Assessment has four parts:

1: the p_______
2: I________ gathering
3: understanding the i_________
4: c______ with the problem

Answer 14

problem; information; information; coping

Question 15

Screening tests fall into s____-r_______ measures

Answer 15

Self-report measures

Question 16

Any assessment of the person is incomplete without an assessment of the e__________

Answer 16

Environment

Question 17

C________, p________, interest, and value factors are essential determinants of behaviour

Answer 17

Cognitive; Personality

Question 18

An individual’s perception of s__________ will to some extent determine behaviour

Answer 18

Situations

Question 19

Individual behaviour across different situations provides a consistent, idiographically predictable p_______.

Answer 19

pattern

Question 20

People perceive s_________ differently, and these differences may be measured and described.

Answer 20

situations

Question 21

Which are the 2 most commonly used types of psychological tests?

Answer 21

Ability (Achievement, aptitude, and intelligence) and personality tests

Question 22

What are the three types of ability tests?

Answer 22

Achievement, aptitude, and intelligence

Question 23

Which scientist first extensively measured individual differences in late 19
Century? Which
discipline did he specialise in?

Answer 23

Francis Galton; individual differences (in sensory and motor functioning) ALSO FITNESS

Question 24

Which experimental psychologist set up the first laboratory for making systematic observations?

Answer 24

William Wundt

Question 25

Which American psychologist first coined the term “mental test”? J_____ C_______

Answer 25

James Cattell

Question 26

What are the three overlapping concepts described by the term “human ability”?

Answer 26

Achievement, aptitude, and intelligence

Question 27

What are the three overlapping concepts described by the term “human ability”?

Answer 27

Achievement, aptitude, and intelligence

Question 28

Who constructed the first widely used psychological test? What for, and when?

Answer 28

Binet-Simon Scale for mental development and retardation, 1905

Question 29

Who devised the first widely used group intelligence test? What for?

Answer 29

Robert Yerkes, The army alpha and beta test

Question 30

Who developed the first personality questionnaire? What was that called? The W_______ P______ Data Sheet

Answer 30

The Woolworth Personal Data Sheet,

Question 31

Which is the most referenced test in the psychological literature?

Answer 31

The MMPI and MMPI 2

Question 32

Describe at least 4 core skills required for conducting of psychological assessment:

• C_______
• Pu________
• Man________
• In__________
• Com__________

Answer 32

Conduct; Purpose; Management; Interpretation; Communication

Question 33

Why is management a core skill of personality assessment?

Answer 33

The storage and sharing of file management is crucial

Question 34

Why is conduct a core skill?

Answer 34

It involves duty of care in regards to consent and confidentiality, competence and continuing education

Question 35

What skill does accuracy and interpretation of skill come under?

Answer 35

Interpretation

Question 36

Written reports, Oral feedback, and sound recommendations all come under the core skill of ___________

Answer 36

communication

Question 37

Suggest 3 methods that you would go about locating information about a published personality test?

• Psychological da_______
• Distributors test cat_________
• Mental Measure Yea________

Answer 37

databases; catalogues; yearbooks