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BACT Lec > Week 2 Highlighted Parts > Flashcards

Week 2 Highlighted Parts Flashcards

1
Q

Destruction of all forms of life including bacterial spore

A

Sterilization

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2
Q

Destruction of some forms of life except bacterial spores

A

Disinfection

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3
Q

Applied to skin; cannot be used as disinfectants

A

Antiseptic

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4
Q

Applied to inanimate objects

A

Disinfectant

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5
Q

Type of Organisms corresponds to?

A

Biochemical composition and mechanisms to protect themselves

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6
Q

Microbial load corresponds to?

A

Total number of organism

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7
Q

Fill in the blank; The _____ numbers of organism, the _____ the exposure time

A

higher; longer

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8
Q

True or False? Organic material such as blood, mucus, and pus affects killing activity by inactivating the disinfecting agent

A

TRUE

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9
Q

Organic materials affects killing activity by inactivating the disinfecting agent

A

Blood, mucus, and pus

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10
Q

Most common methods of heat disinfection and sterilization

A

Autoclave

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11
Q

Fill in the blank; steam under ___ atm of pressure, or ___ psi, ___ C for ___ minutes

A

1 atm, 15 psi, 121 degree celcius, 15 minutes

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12
Q

Sterilization method for heat-stable substances that are not penetrated by moist heat

A

Dry Heat

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13
Q

Sterilization method of choice for heat-stable object?

A

Heat

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14
Q

Sterilization method of choice for glass wares

A

Dry Heat

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15
Q

Fill in the blank; For pasteurization to occur, the heat should be at ___

A

63 degree celsius or 72 degree celsius

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16
Q

Boiling occurs at what temp.?

A

100 degree celsius

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17
Q

Requires thin membrane filters composed of plastic polymers or cellulose esters containing pores

A

Liquid filtration

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18
Q

Pore sizes needed for liquid filtration of bacteria, yeasts, and molds

A

0.45 and 0.8 micrometer

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19
Q

Pore size for critical sterilizing

A

0.22 micrometer

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20
Q

Pore size for small viruses

A

0.01 micrometer

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21
Q

Sterilization method for heat-sensitive solutions

A

Liquid filtration

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22
Q

Method of filtration that requires HEPA filters

A

Air filtration

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23
Q

What does “HEPA” stands for in HEPA filters

A

“high-efficiency particulate air” filter

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24
Q

True or False? Air filtration removes microorganisms larger than 0.3 micrometer

A

TRUE

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25
Q

Type of filtration used in laboratory hoods and in air systems

A

Air filtration

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26
Q

Fill in the blank; Disinfection/Sterilization using Radiation (Ionizing) uses ___

A

Gamma rays or electron beam

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27
Q

Fill in the blank; Disinfection/Sterilization using Radiation (Non-ionizing) uses ___

A

UV rays

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28
Q

True or False? Gamma rays or electric beam has shorter wavelegth hence higher energy

A

TRUE

29
Q

True or False? UV rays has longer wavelegth hence lower energy

A

TRUE

30
Q

Sterilization method for disposable supplies

A

Ionizing radiation

31
Q

Disinfection method for surfaces

A

Non-ionizing radiation

32
Q

Chemical agents that may be used to sterilize

A

Chemosterilizers

33
Q

Fill in the blank; ___ percent ethyl or isopropyl alcohol may be used to disinfect or sterilized

A

60-90

34
Q

Component used in formaldehyde for disinfection and sterilization

A

Formalin

35
Q

Disinfection method for biosafety cabinets

A

Formaldehyde

36
Q

Disinfectant or Sterilant? 2% solution of glutaraldehyde for 10mins

A

Disinfectant

37
Q

Disinfectant or Sterilant? 2% solution of glutaraldehyde for 3-10hrs

A

Sterilant

38
Q

Sterilization method for heat labile medical equipment and materials that cant be sterilized with gas

A

Glutaraldehyde

39
Q

True or False? Aldehydes are active at alkaline

A

TRUE

40
Q

Iodine (5-10%) + neutral polymer =

A

Can be used as antiseptic (Iodophor)

41
Q

Most common iodophor

A

Polyvidone or povidone

42
Q

Contact time for Halogens (Iodophors)

A

> 30 seconds

43
Q

Two forms of hypochlorite (chlorine and chlorine compounds)

A

liquid sodium hypochlorite and solid calcium hypochlorit

44
Q

0.5% to 1% sodium hypochlorite =

A

Can be used as disinfectant

45
Q

Contact time for Chlorine and Chlorine Compounds (Hypochlorite)

A

Atleast 3 mins

46
Q

Disinfection method for water

A

Chlorine and Chlorine Compounds (Hypochlorite)

47
Q

Disinfection method for noncritical surfaces (benchtops and floors)

A

Detergents (Quaternary Ammonium Compound)

48
Q

Disinfection method for surfaces in hospitals and household environments

A

Phenolics

49
Q

Disinfection method for hands of surgical personnel and body of patients undergoing surgery

A

Chlorhexidine Gluconate (0.5% to 4%)

50
Q

Disinfection method for health care personnel handwash and also acts as surgical hand scrub

A

Chloroxylenol (O.5% to 4%)

51
Q

Chemical used for disinfection and sterilization that is commonly found in consumer and proffesional health care products

A

Triclosan

52
Q

Rarely used in clinical application and is slowly bactericcidal

A

Heavy metals

53
Q

Fill in the blanks; ___ of ethylene oxide per liter of chamber space at ___ for ___

A

450-700 mg; 55-60° C; 2 hours

54
Q

Sterilization method for materials that cannot withstand steam sterilization

A

Ethylene Oxide

55
Q

Type of containment barrier that protects the worker from the aerosolized transmission of organisms

A

Biological Safety Cabinets (BCS)

56
Q

True or false? Any procedure that has the ability to create aerosols should be performed in a BSC

A

TRUE

57
Q

What level of biosafety does it corresponds to? Minimal threat to laboratory personnel and environment

A

Biosafety level 1

58
Q

What level of biosafety does it corresponds to? Bacillus subtilis

A

Biosafety level 1

59
Q

What level of biosafety does it corresponds to? Agents that pose a moderate potential hazard for the employees and environment

A

Biosafety level 2

60
Q

What level of biosafety does it coresponds to? HBV, HIV, Salmonella spp., and Toxoplasma spp.

A

Biosafety level 2

61
Q

What level of biosafety does it coresponds to? Potential for aerosol transmission

A

Biosafety level 3

62
Q

What level of biosafety does it corresponds to? Diseases with these agents may have serious lethal

A

Biosafety level 3

63
Q

What level of biosafety does it corresponds to? M. tuberculosis, St. Louis encephalitis virus

A

Biosafety level 3

64
Q

What level of biosafety does it corresponds to? High risk of causing life-threatening infections, can be transmitted by aerosols, or have an unknown risk of transmission

A

Biosafety level 4

65
Q

What level of biosafety does it corresponds to? Marburg and Congo-Crimean; Hemorrhagic fever

A

Biosafety level 4

66
Q

Fill in the blank? Phenol Coefficient Test is also known as ___

A

Disinfectant test

67
Q

Fill in the blank? Phenol Coefficient Test utilizes ___ or ___ for the test

A

Staphylococcus aureus; Salmonella typhi

68
Q

Fill in the blank? Based on the dilution of phenol and experimental disinfectant are inoculated with the bacteria and incubated at ___.

A

20-37 deg C for 2-3 days

69
Q

True or false? Considering the Bartlett’s Grading System, Scores of 0 or less indicate lack of iinflammation or presence of saliva

A

TRUE

BACT Lec (4 decks)

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