Week 2: Flies - COMPLETE **** Flashcards
(21 cards)
State the Order for flies
- what does it mean
diptera
2 wings
What 2 sub-orders can Diptera be divided into?
brachycera and nematocera
What type of life cycle do flies have?
holometabola
Nematocera: Generally, where do these females lay their eggs?
in or on water
Nematocera: State the family for Mosquitos
- What do the male and female drink?
- What must the female do before laying eggs?
- What sort of day/night habits do they have?
- What is the main problem they pose?
cullicidae
nectar
must consume a blood meal
crepuscular
infectious disease transmission
Nematocera: Mosquitos
- State 2 main diseases of concern that they spread
- How do mosquitos spread malaria? 3
- How do mosquitos spread dog heart worm? (dirofilaria immitus) 2
malaria and dog heart worm
the protozoan ends up in their saliva
it is injected into the blood stream when skin is pierced
they undergo their life cycle in the liver and red blood cells of the host
the larval stages of the nematode occur in the mosquito
the mosquito injects the infective stage into the blood stream when skin is punctured
Nematocera: State the family for Biting Midges
- State 2 diseases they are known to spread
- What is the main problem they pose?
blue tongue virus
schmallenberg virus
they are the main cause of sweet itch in horses
Nematocera: State the family for Black flies
- Where do females lay their eggs?
- What problems do they pose? 3
simuliidae
on plants near fast flowing water
irritants
pests
can cause sweet itch in horses
Nematocera: State the family for Sandflies
- Are they found in the UK?
- What is the main problem they cause?
psychodidae
no
spread of the protozoan leishmania
Brachycera: State the family for Biting Flies
- What makes them distinct from other flies?
- How do they spread infections?
tabanidae
their very painful bite
mechanically with their rasping mouthparts
Brachycera: State the family for Keds
- What makes them distinct form other flies? 3
- What is the main problem they cause?
- How are they transmitted?
hippoboscidae
they have no wings
they are permanent ectoparasites
the eggs hatch in the mother
irritation
by close contact
Brachycera: State the family for Tsetse
- Which species do they feed on?
- What is the main problem they pose?
glossinidae
humans
transmission of trypanosomiasis causing sleeping sickness
Brachycera: State the family for the Horse Bot Fly, Sheep Nasal Bot and Warble Fly
- Where does the horse bot fly lay eggs?
- Where do the larvae migrate to?
- What can this cause? 2
- Where does the sheep nasal bot lay eggs?
- How can this be problematic for the sheep?
- What does the warble fly do to cattle?
- What problems can this cause the cow? 2
oestradae
in weird places on the body surface
the stomach
gastritis and colic
around the nose
the larvae crawl into the sinuses, get trapped and die causing infection
they burrow into the tissue in the cows back, pupate and drop out
irritation
loss of condition
Brachycera: State the family name for Blow flies
- What do they eat?
- What legal requirement is associated with them?
- What attracts them and makes them more likely to cause fly strike? 3
calliphoridae
lymph and necrotic tissue
must check sheep daily for signs of fly strike
faecal staining around the perineum
lesions
urine scalding
Brachycera: State the family for Flesh flies
- What do they eat?
sarcophagidae
live flesh
Brachycera: State the family for House flies
- Do they have to eat blood?
- What is the main problem associated with them?
muscidae
no
mechanical spread of diseases
Myasis: Which species does this most commonly affect?
- What is it caused by?
- What attracts the adult flies? 3
- What might the animal eventually die from? 3
sheep and rabbits
flies laying eggs in wounds, orifices or rotten fleeces
wounds
skin lesions
soiled hair
shock
histolysis
secondary infection
Fly control: how can you control flies with husbandry practices? 4
remove litter and manure
remove carcasses
sheer soiled wool or fur
protect wounds
Fly control: How can you control flies mechanically? 4
barriers
meshes
traps
burning them
Fly control: How can you control flies chemically?
by using insecticides and repellents on the animal or in the environment
Fly control: How can you control flies biologically? 2
using parasitoid wasps
using nematodes and bacteria
