Week 2 Flash cards

Question 1

Type I Atopic, Anaphylactic is mediated by

Answer 1

IgE (the immunoglobin)

Ag (antigen) –> releases histamines

Question 2

Type I Atopic, Anaphylactic is CAUSED (2) by

Answer 2

Environmental factors

T-Cell deficiency

Question 3

Type I Atopic, Anaphylactic EXAMPLES

Answer 3

Drug reactions –> know for test

Asthma, bee sting reactions

Question 4

Type II: Cytotoxic, Cytolytic (cells breaking/dying) MEDIATED by

Answer 4

IgM or IgG

Question 5

Type II: Cytotoxic, Cytolytic caused by

Answer 5

Exposure to Ag or foreign cells, tissues, or graft

Question 6

Type II: Cytotoxic, Cytolytic examples

Answer 6

Wrong blood transfusions

Hemolytic disease of newborn

Question 7

Type III: Immune Complex (arthus reaction) mediated by

Answer 7

IgG –> cause tissue damage or inflammation

Question 8

Type III: Immune Complex CAUSED by

Answer 8

Autoimmunity

Persistent infection

Question 9

Type III: Immune Complex EXAMPLES (4)

Answer 9

Autoimmune diseases
Systemic lupus (SLE)
Glomerulonephritis
Farmer’s lung arthritis

Question 10

Type IV Delayed Hypersensitivity MEDIATED by

Answer 10

T-lymphocytes (no immunoglobins)
(remember this, it stands out from rest)
-Attracts macrophages

Question 11

Type IV Delayed Hypersensitivity EXAMPLES

Answer 11

Tuberculin test

Multiple sclerosis

Question 12

• Bence Jones protein
• Kidney damage
• Attacks bones (skulls, ribs, spine, pelvis)
• Hypercalcemia
• Honeycomb appearance

Answer 12

Multiple Myeloma

Question 13

Hairy Cell Leukemia hallmarks

Answer 13

• Leukemia of mature B-cells
• Splenomegaly
• All blood cells decreased

Question 14

Aplastic anemia (bone marrow destruction anemia) leads to?

Answer 14

Pancytopenia (decrease in all blood cells)

Question 15

Pernicious Anemia is caused by?

Answer 15

Lack of intrinsic factor (can’t absorb B12)

Question 16

Glucose-6-phsphate dehydrogenase deficiency anemia occurs when exposed to?

Answer 16

Certain drugs

Question 17

Hemophilia characteristics

Answer 17

• Prolonged bleeding time
• Prolonged aPTT (intrinsic factors)
• Normal platelet count

Question 18

Newborn present with melena, bleeding from umbilicus and hematuria has what?

Answer 18

• Vitamin K deficiency

Question 19

Vitamin K deficiency characteristics

Answer 19

-Normal bleeding time
-Increased PT/INR (extrinsic factors)
Normal platelet count

Question 20

PT/INR

Answer 20

-Extrinsic factors

Question 21

Bleeding time

Answer 21

Number of platelets

Question 22

aPTT

Answer 22

Intrinsic factors

Question 23

What does aspirin do to bleeding?

Answer 23

Prolong bleeding time

Question 24

What can chemotherapy cause?

Answer 24

Thrombocytopenia

Question 25

What is DIC? (Disseminated intravascular coagulation)

Answer 25

Condition where patients hemorrhage and clot at same time

-Hemorrhage comes first, then clots

Question 26

Dysfunction of liver can lead to

Answer 26

Clotting factor deficiency

Question 27

Hallmark for ALL - Acute Lymphocytic?

Answer 27

-MAINLY in childhood cancer

Question 28

Hallmark for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)

Answer 28

-Philadelphia Chromosome

Question 29

Venous occlusion causes?

Answer 29

-Edema

Question 30

Arterial occlusion causes?

Answer 30

-Ichemia