Week 2: Dizziness & Vertigo

Question 1

How is vertigo defined?

Answer 1

subjective feeling of spinning, swaying, tilting sensation

Question 2

What is BBPV?

Answer 2

calcium deposits present in the semicircular canal that move when patient turns their head

causes episodic periods of vertigo triggered by head movements

Question 3

How is BBPV dx and treated?

Answer 3

Dix-Hallpike maneuvers can dx (horizontal nystagmus)

M: Epley maneuvers, Brandt-Daroff maneuvers, antiemetics PRN

Question 4

What is Meniere disease?

Answer 4

Excess endolymphatic fluid pressure 🡪 episodic inner ear dysfunction

Episodic (minutes to hours) vertigo w/ unilateral tinnitus, hearing loss, and ear fullness

Question 5

How is Meniere managed?

Answer 5

refer to ENT, limit Na, caffeine, alcohol, consider thiazide

Question 6

What is vestibular neuritis?

Answer 6

viral infection inflammation of nerve in the inner ear; preceded by URI

rapid onset of severe, persistent, spontaneous vertigo, N/V, gait instability; otherwise normal neuro exam

Question 7

How is vestibular neuritis managed?

Answer 7

antiemetics PRN, antihistamine or benzodiazepine, vestibular rehab

Question 8

What is is called when vestibular neuritis sx are accompanied by hearing loss?

Answer 8

labyrinthitis