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532 Primary Care Nursing > Exam 2 deck > Flashcards

Exam 2 deck Flashcards

1
Q

In which condition can heberden and bouchard’s nodes occur?

A

osteoarthritis

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2
Q

Tx for osteomyelitis?

A

Vanco + 3rd generation cephalosporin (ceftriaxone) or fluoroquinolone if PCN allx

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3
Q

Ankle X-ray criteria?

A

Ankle x-ray if: pain in the malleolar area +

  • Pain + point tenderness at the posterior edge or tip of the lateral or medial malleolus
  • Inability to bear weight for four steps immediately after injury and during exam
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4
Q

Foot x-ray criteria?

A

Foot x-ray if: pain in the midfoot +

  • Bone tenderness at the base of the 5th metatarsal
  • Bone tenderness at the navicular
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5
Q

What is erb palsy and when does it occur?

A

adducted arm internally rotated at the shoulder; wrist flexed and fingers extended

Brachial plexus injury and clavicular fracture in peds

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6
Q

What imaging should be done if tendon rupture is suspected?

A

US

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7
Q

What condition is demonstrated in this image?

A

metatarsus adductus

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8
Q

What condition is demonstrated in this image?

A

Talipes equinovarus (club foot)

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9
Q

What condition matches this symptom: pain present in the medial aspect of the knee or anterior thigh

A

Legg-calve perthes disease

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10
Q

What condition matches this symptom:

Pain and decreased internal rotation

A

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis

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11
Q

What condition matches the following symptoms:

  • Pain increases during and immediately after activity and decreases w/ rest
  • Running, jumping, kneeling, squatting, stair use exacerbates
  • Pain may be reproduced by extending the knee against resistance, stressing the quads or squatting w/ knee in full flexion
  • Tibial tuberosity present on x-ray
A

Osgood-schlatter

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12
Q

What are the canadian c-spine rules?

A
  • obtain x-ray for the following criteria
    • Age 65+
    • Fall from more than 1 meter or 5 stairs
    • Motor vehicle collision at greater than 60mph
    • Bicycle collision
    • Any type of diving accident
    • Paresthesia in the extremities
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13
Q

What are the imaging criteria for back pain?

A
  • Imaging (x-ray or MRI w/ gado) if red flags present or no improvement w/in 4-6 weeks
    • Age > 50
    • Recent unexplained wt loss
    • Failure to improve after 1 mo of conservative tx
    • Fever
    • New lower extremity weakness
    • Bowel/bladder dysfunction
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14
Q

What is the treatment regimen for atopic dermatitis (eczema)?

A
  • Topical corticosteriods, ointments, lotions
  • Topical calcineurin inhibitors for 2+
  • Antihistamines if allergies present
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15
Q

What can be used to treat contact dermatitis?

A
  • Burrow solution soaks or oatmeal baths and cool compresses
  • Water and petrolatum based or lanolin and petrolatum-based emollients
  • Corticosteroids
  • Oral antihistamines
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16
Q

What can be used to treat diaper dermatitis?

A

Low potency hydrocortisone

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17
Q

What can be used to treat sebhorreic dermatitis?

A
  • Infants: mineral oil 5-10 min prior to bath
  • For scalp: ketoconazole shampoo
  • Face: ketoconazole shampoo or cream
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18
Q

Treatment for scabies?

A
  • Topical permethrin @ bedtime
  • Oral ivermectin 1 dose repeated in 1 week (not for pregnant women or children <15kg)
  • Oral antihistamine and emollients as needed
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19
Q

Treatment for fresh bites?

A
  • augmentin
  • clindamycin + doxy or bactrim for PCN allx
  • Pregnant: macrolides with PCN allx
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20
Q

What can be used to treat rosacea?

A
  • Papules and pustules - topical or oral abx:
    • Metronidazole, azelaic acid, sulfacetamide/sulfur, brimonidine
    • Doxycycline, tetracycline
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21
Q

What can be used to treat perioral dermatitis?

A
  • Topical metronidazole, erythromycin
  • Oral: doxycycline, tetracyclines, erythromycin
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22
Q

Name that lesion: pearly/waxy bump or flat brown lesion

A

Basal cell carcinoma

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23
Q

Name that lesion: firm red pimple/nodule or scaly patch

A

squamous cell carcinoma

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24
Q

Name that lesion: existing mole that bleeds, itches or changes shape/color; large brownish patch or smaller spot w/ black, red or white speckles

A

melanoma

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25
Q

What skin condition is the dimple or fitzpatrick sign used for?

A

dermatofibroma

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26
Q

What diagnostic testing can be used for herpetic lesions?

A

Tzanck smear

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27
Q

Name that lesion: painless, slightly itchy, flesh-colored, shiny, pearly white or waxy dome shaped papules w/ a central dimple

A

molluscum contagiosum

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28
Q

Name the condition associated w/ this lesion:

tear-drop vesicles on the abd and spreads to extremities; prodrome of fever, abd pain and HA

A

Varicella

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29
Q

Name that condition:

erythematous, maculopapular, blanching rash in the hairline, forehead and behind the ears; fades after day 5

A

measles

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30
Q

Name that condition:

7-10 days after prodrome; bright red erythema over the cheeks at 1-4 days, erythematous morbilliform rash on the extremities; may take 3 weeks to fade

A

parvovirus B19 (fifth disease/erythema infectiosum)

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31
Q

Name that condition:

Rash follows abrupt high fever, rose-pink maculopapular rash trunk, neck but spares the face

32
Q

Name that condition:

pink macules and papules on the face that spread to the trunk and extremities lasts 1-3 days and fades in the same order it appeared

A

rubella (german measles)

33
Q

Name that condition:

maculopapular rash starts on the limbs and is patchy or diffuse on the extremities and trunk

A

Chikungunya

34
Q

Name that condition:

maculopapular eruption with islands of sparing; poss petechiae and purpura

A

Dengue fever

35
Q

Name that condition:

maculopapular rash on the trunk

36
Q

Name that condition

red macules turns pale, white oval vesicles w/ a red areola on the palms, soles, dorsal aspects

A

Hand foot and mouth disease

37
Q

What antibiotics can be used to treat impetigo if there are more than 5 lesions?

A
  • Oral Dicloxacillin, cephalexin, azithromycin, augmentin
38
Q

Name the condition:

Sudden onset constant sharp, poorly localized or epigastric abd pain that radiates to the back

A

Acute pancreatitis

39
Q

Name the condition:

Distention, rigidity, decreased bowel sounds, diffuse abd tenderness, rebound tenderness, guarding

A

peritonitis

40
Q

Name the condition

Biliary colic w/ intermittent or steady RUQ abd pain that radiates to the R posterior shoulder within an hour of eating a large meal (particularly w/ high fat content)

A

Cholecystitis

41
Q

Match the provocative tests to the condition:

Psoas, obturator and rovsing sign

A

appendicitis

42
Q

What would you be suspicious of if a parent reported “currant jelly”-like stools in their child?

A

intussussception

43
Q

When might you see bright red blood on the stool vs. toilet paper?

A

internal hemorrhoids vs. anal fissure

44
Q

What classic sign is seen in lyme disease?

A

bulls-eye rash

45
Q

What can be used as prophylactic tx for lyme disease?

Bonus - what are other options for treatment

A

doxycycline

other options for treatment: cefuroxime, amoxicillin

46
Q

What can be used to treat babeiosis?

A

Oral atovaquone, azithromycin

47
Q

Which condition does this provocative test indicate?

Lhermitte Sign (Barber chair sensation)

A

Cervical cord disorders

48
Q

Which condition does this provocative test indicate?

Spurling test & Shoulder abduction test

A

Cervical radiculopathy

49
Q

Which condition does this provocative test indicate?

Tinel sign of the elbow

A

Ulnar neuritis

50
Q

Which condition does this provocative test indicate?

Resisted wrist flexion

A

medial epicondylitis

51
Q

Which condition does this provocative test indicate?

Resisted wrist extension

A

Lateral epicondylitis

52
Q

Which condition does this provocative test indicate?

Talar tilt

A

injury to lateral ligaments of the ankle (rotational ankle sprain)

53
Q

Which condition does this provocative test indicate?

anterior drawer test of the ankle

A

Laxity and instability of the ankle

54
Q

Which condition does this provocative test indicate?

Metatarsal squeeze test

A

morton neuroma

55
Q

Which condition does this provocative test indicate?

Thompson test

A

Achilles tendon rupture

56
Q

Which condition does this provocative test indicate?

straight leg raise

A

Damage to L5-S1

57
Q

Which condition does this provocative test indicate?

Crossed straight leg raise

A

Disc herniation

58
Q

Which condition does this provocative test indicate?

Trendelenburg sign

A

Congenital hip dislocation, RA, OA

59
Q

Which condition does this provocative test indicate?

Posterior drawer sign of the knee

A

PCL injury

60
Q

Which condition does this provocative test indicate?

Anterior drawer sign of the knee

A

ACL injury

61
Q

Which condition does this provocative test indicate?

Lachman test

A

ACL & PCL injury

62
Q

Which condition does this provocative test indicate?

Valgus and varus stress test

A

MCL or LCL injury

63
Q

Which condition does this provocative test indicate?

McMurray test, apley compression test

A

Meniscus injury

64
Q

Which condition does this provocative test indicate?

Crouch compression test

A

Anterior knee pain: Patellofemoral syndrome

lateral or medial knee pain: Meniscus injury

65
Q

Which condition does this provocative test indicate?

Patellar apprehension test

A

patellofemoral instability

66
Q

Which condition does this provocative test indicate?

Empty can test

A

Rotator cuff injury - supra and infraspinatus injury

67
Q

Which condition does this provocative test indicate?

Drop arm test

A

rotator cuff injury - supraspinatus

68
Q

Which condition does this provocative test indicate?

Yergason’s test

A

rotator cuff injury: biceps tendon/supraspinatus

69
Q

Which condition does this provocative test indicate?

Neer’s and Hawkin’s sign

A

shoulder impingement

70
Q

Which condition does this provocative test indicate?

Painful arc

A

rotator cuff: Subacromial

71
Q

Which condition does this provocative test indicate?

Shoulder apprehension test

A

anterior glenohumeral instability

72
Q

Which condition does this provocative test indicate?

Sulcus sign

A

inferior glenohumeral instability

73
Q

Which condition does this provocative test indicate?

Tinel and Phalen of the wrist

74
Q

Which condition does this provocative test indicate?

Finklestein

A

DeQuervain’s tenosynovitis

75
Q

Which condition does this provocative test indicate?

anatomical snuffbox pain

A

occult scaphoid fracture

532 Primary Care Nursing (9 decks)

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