Exam 2 deck Flashcards
1
Q
In which condition can heberden and bouchard’s nodes occur?
A
osteoarthritis
2
Q
Tx for osteomyelitis?
A
Vanco + 3rd generation cephalosporin (ceftriaxone) or fluoroquinolone if PCN allx
3
Q
Ankle X-ray criteria?
A
Ankle x-ray if: pain in the malleolar area +
- Pain + point tenderness at the posterior edge or tip of the lateral or medial malleolus
- Inability to bear weight for four steps immediately after injury and during exam
4
Q
Foot x-ray criteria?
A
Foot x-ray if: pain in the midfoot +
- Bone tenderness at the base of the 5th metatarsal
- Bone tenderness at the navicular
5
Q
What is erb palsy and when does it occur?
A
adducted arm internally rotated at the shoulder; wrist flexed and fingers extended
Brachial plexus injury and clavicular fracture in peds
6
Q
What imaging should be done if tendon rupture is suspected?
A
US
7
Q
What condition is demonstrated in this image?
A
metatarsus adductus
8
Q
What condition is demonstrated in this image?
A
Talipes equinovarus (club foot)
9
Q
What condition matches this symptom: pain present in the medial aspect of the knee or anterior thigh
A
Legg-calve perthes disease
10
Q
What condition matches this symptom:
Pain and decreased internal rotation
A
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
11
Q
What condition matches the following symptoms:
- Pain increases during and immediately after activity and decreases w/ rest
- Running, jumping, kneeling, squatting, stair use exacerbates
- Pain may be reproduced by extending the knee against resistance, stressing the quads or squatting w/ knee in full flexion
- Tibial tuberosity present on x-ray
A
Osgood-schlatter
12
Q
What are the canadian c-spine rules?
A
- obtain x-ray for the following criteria
- Age 65+
- Fall from more than 1 meter or 5 stairs
- Motor vehicle collision at greater than 60mph
- Bicycle collision
- Any type of diving accident
- Paresthesia in the extremities
13
Q
What are the imaging criteria for back pain?
A
- Imaging (x-ray or MRI w/ gado) if red flags present or no improvement w/in 4-6 weeks
- Age > 50
- Recent unexplained wt loss
- Failure to improve after 1 mo of conservative tx
- Fever
- New lower extremity weakness
- Bowel/bladder dysfunction
14
Q
What is the treatment regimen for atopic dermatitis (eczema)?
A
- Topical corticosteriods, ointments, lotions
- Topical calcineurin inhibitors for 2+
- Antihistamines if allergies present
15
Q
What can be used to treat contact dermatitis?
A
- Burrow solution soaks or oatmeal baths and cool compresses
- Water and petrolatum based or lanolin and petrolatum-based emollients
- Corticosteroids
- Oral antihistamines
16
Q
What can be used to treat diaper dermatitis?
A
Low potency hydrocortisone
17
Q
What can be used to treat sebhorreic dermatitis?
A
- Infants: mineral oil 5-10 min prior to bath
- For scalp: ketoconazole shampoo
- Face: ketoconazole shampoo or cream
18
Q
Treatment for scabies?
A
- Topical permethrin @ bedtime
- Oral ivermectin 1 dose repeated in 1 week (not for pregnant women or children <15kg)
- Oral antihistamine and emollients as needed
19
Q
Treatment for fresh bites?
A
- augmentin
- clindamycin + doxy or bactrim for PCN allx
- Pregnant: macrolides with PCN allx
20
Q
What can be used to treat rosacea?
A
- Papules and pustules - topical or oral abx:
- Metronidazole, azelaic acid, sulfacetamide/sulfur, brimonidine
- Doxycycline, tetracycline
21
Q
What can be used to treat perioral dermatitis?
A
- Topical metronidazole, erythromycin
- Oral: doxycycline, tetracyclines, erythromycin
22
Q
Name that lesion: pearly/waxy bump or flat brown lesion
A
Basal cell carcinoma
23
Q
Name that lesion: firm red pimple/nodule or scaly patch
A
squamous cell carcinoma
24
Q
Name that lesion: existing mole that bleeds, itches or changes shape/color; large brownish patch or smaller spot w/ black, red or white speckles
A
melanoma
25
What skin condition is the dimple or fitzpatrick sign used for?
dermatofibroma
26
What diagnostic testing can be used for herpetic lesions?
Tzanck smear
27
Name that lesion: painless, slightly itchy, flesh-colored, shiny, pearly white or waxy dome shaped papules w/ a central dimple
molluscum contagiosum
28
Name the condition associated w/ this lesion:
tear-drop vesicles on the abd and spreads to extremities; prodrome of fever, abd pain and HA
Varicella
29
Name that condition:
## Footnote
erythematous, maculopapular, blanching rash in the hairline, forehead and behind the ears; fades after day 5
measles
30
Name that condition:
## Footnote
7-10 days after prodrome; bright red erythema over the cheeks at 1-4 days, erythematous morbilliform rash on the extremities; may take 3 weeks to fade
parvovirus B19 (fifth disease/erythema infectiosum)
31
Name that condition:
Rash follows abrupt high fever, rose-pink maculopapular rash trunk, neck but spares the face
roseola
32
Name that condition:
## Footnote
pink macules and papules on the face that spread to the trunk and extremities lasts 1-3 days and fades in the same order it appeared
rubella (german measles)
33
Name that condition:
## Footnote
**maculopapular rash** starts on the limbs and is patchy or diffuse on the extremities and trunk
Chikungunya
34
Name that condition:
## Footnote
**maculopapular eruption** with islands of sparing; poss petechiae and purpura
Dengue fever
35
Name that condition:
## Footnote
**maculopapular rash** on the trunk
Zika
36
Name that condition
## Footnote
red macules turns pale, white oval vesicles w/ a red areola on the palms, soles, dorsal aspects
Hand foot and mouth disease
37
What antibiotics can be used to treat impetigo if there are more than 5 lesions?
* Oral Dicloxacillin, cephalexin, azithromycin, augmentin
38
Name the condition:
Sudden onset constant sharp, poorly localized or epigastric abd pain that radiates to the back
Acute pancreatitis
39
Name the condition:
Distention, rigidity, decreased bowel sounds, diffuse abd tenderness, rebound tenderness, guarding
peritonitis
40
Name the condition
Biliary colic w/ intermittent or steady RUQ abd pain that radiates to the R posterior shoulder within an hour of eating a large meal (particularly w/ high fat content)
Cholecystitis
41
Match the provocative tests to the condition:
Psoas, obturator and rovsing sign
appendicitis
42
What would you be suspicious of if a parent reported "currant jelly"-like stools in their child?
intussussception
43
When might you see bright red blood on the stool vs. toilet paper?
internal hemorrhoids vs. anal fissure
44
What classic sign is seen in lyme disease?
bulls-eye rash
45
What can be used as prophylactic tx for lyme disease?
Bonus - what are other options for treatment
doxycycline
other options for treatment: cefuroxime, amoxicillin
46
What can be used to treat babeiosis?
Oral atovaquone, azithromycin
47
Which condition does this provocative test indicate?
Lhermitte Sign (Barber chair sensation)
Cervical cord disorders
48
Which condition does this provocative test indicate?
Spurling test & Shoulder abduction test
Cervical radiculopathy
49
Which condition does this provocative test indicate?
Tinel sign of the elbow
Ulnar neuritis
50
Which condition does this provocative test indicate?
Resisted wrist **flexion**
medial epicondylitis
51
Which condition does this provocative test indicate?
Resisted wrist **extension**
Lateral epicondylitis
52
Which condition does this provocative test indicate?
Talar tilt
injury to lateral ligaments of the ankle (rotational ankle sprain)
53
Which condition does this provocative test indicate?
anterior drawer test of the ankle
Laxity and instability of the ankle
54
Which condition does this provocative test indicate?
Metatarsal squeeze test
morton neuroma
55
Which condition does this provocative test indicate?
Thompson test
Achilles tendon rupture
56
Which condition does this provocative test indicate?
straight leg raise
Damage to L5-S1
57
Which condition does this provocative test indicate?
Crossed straight leg raise
Disc herniation
58
Which condition does this provocative test indicate?
Trendelenburg sign
Congenital hip dislocation, RA, OA
59
Which condition does this provocative test indicate?
Posterior drawer sign of the knee
PCL injury
60
Which condition does this provocative test indicate?
Anterior drawer sign of the knee
ACL injury
61
Which condition does this provocative test indicate?
Lachman test
ACL & PCL injury
62
Which condition does this provocative test indicate?
Valgus and varus stress test
MCL or LCL injury
63
Which condition does this provocative test indicate?
McMurray test, apley compression test
Meniscus injury
64
Which condition does this provocative test indicate?
Crouch compression test
Anterior knee pain: Patellofemoral syndrome
lateral or medial knee pain: Meniscus injury
65
Which condition does this provocative test indicate?
Patellar apprehension test
patellofemoral instability
66
Which condition does this provocative test indicate?
Empty can test
Rotator cuff injury - supra and infraspinatus injury
67
Which condition does this provocative test indicate?
Drop arm test
rotator cuff injury - supraspinatus
68
Which condition does this provocative test indicate?
Yergason's test
rotator cuff injury: biceps tendon/supraspinatus
69
Which condition does this provocative test indicate?
Neer's and Hawkin's sign
shoulder impingement
70
Which condition does this provocative test indicate?
Painful arc
rotator cuff: Subacromial
71
Which condition does this provocative test indicate?
Shoulder apprehension test
anterior glenohumeral instability
72
Which condition does this provocative test indicate?
Sulcus sign
inferior glenohumeral instability
73
Which condition does this provocative test indicate?
Tinel and Phalen of the wrist
CTS
74
Which condition does this provocative test indicate?
Finklestein
DeQuervain's tenosynovitis
75
Which condition does this provocative test indicate?
anatomical snuffbox pain
occult scaphoid fracture
