Week 2, Chapter 3 Assessment and Classification Flashcards
What is the difference between Mood and Affect
Mood is internal, Affect is observable
The assessment of objects or people to categories on the basis of shared characteristics is known as ?
Classification
The method founded on the assumption clear-cut differences among disorders, each with a different known cause is called _____ ________ _____ classification
Classical categorical approach
A clinical assessment is a systematic evaluation and measurement of _______, _______ and _______ factors in a oersib presenting with a possible psychological disorder
Psychological Biological and Social
The presence of two or more disorders in a person at the same time is called ?
Comorbidity
____________ approach is the method of categorizing characteristics on a continuum rather than on a binary, either-or, or all-or-none basis
Dimensional
What is ECT?
Biological treatment, using application of electrical impulses through the brain to produce seizures.
What is EEG?
Measure of electrical activity patterns in the brain, taken through electrodes placed on the head
The extent to which a disorder is found among a patient’s relives is referd to as ?
Familial aggregation
IQ stands for ?
Intelligence Quotient
What areas does a mental status exam observe?
Clients judgement on persopns orientation to time and place (Sensorium- awareness times three), and emotional and mental state, such as Appearance and Behaviour, Thought Processes, Mood and Affect, Intellectual Functioning
Clinical assessments need to be ____, _____ and ______.
Reliable, Valid and Standardised
Explain reliability
the degree of consistency of a measurement
What is inter-rater reliability and test re-test reliability?
inter-rater reliability; two psychologists agree on the same outcome and test re-test reliability; individuals get the same results when testing one week later.
What is validity?
Measuring what it is suppose to measure - the accuracy
What is concurrent validity?
comparison between results of one assessment with another measure in the same area that is valid,
What is predictive validity?
How well the assessment predicts outcomes
What is construct validity?
The degree to which the test/item measures the unobservable construct it claims to measure (e.g. depression),
What is face validity?
Does the test appear to measure what it says it does - does it seem right at first glance
Explain standardisation of measurements
having very clear set rules of administration.
The typical starting point of an assessment by a psychologist begins with what?
A clinical interview
What are the ABC’s of a behavioural assessment?
Antecedents, Behaviour, Consequences.
What is the key need of an observational behavioural assessment
To increase or decrease a target behaviour
How do you determine the factors that influence a target behaviour?
Through a behavioural assessment using the ABC’s
What is the MMPI?
A personality test, 567 responses to true/false items
What is the goal of using neuropsychological testing?
To understand brain-behaviour relations
What does a psychophysiological assessment assess?
Assesses brain structure, function and activity of the nervous system
What is an idiographic strategy of diagnosis?
Exploring a single case, looking at the individuals uniqueness
What is a nomothetic strategy of diagnosis?
identifying a specific disorder that fits with the ‘general’ - such as with the DSM
What is a prototypical approach?
The approach used by the DSM. Categorical but has scope for variability.
What are the three categorical approaches called?
Classical approach (pure approach) - Yes/No disorder
Dimensional approach - classification along a dimension
Prototypical approach - combination of classical and dimensional. Categorical with scope for variability within categories
What are some issues with the DSM-5?
Comorbidity,
Large emphasis on reliability
Caution of stigmatisation from labelling
What is cultural formulation?
allows the disorder to be described from the perspective of the patients personal terms of their primary social and cultural group.
