Week 2 (causality and research designs) Flashcards
What is a causal effect?
A leads to B.
What is a reverse effect?
B leads to A.
What is a intervening effect?
A causes C which causes B.
What is a spurious relationship?
C causes A, because of B. Ex: the more fireman attend a fire, the higher the damage. There is a missing variable which in this case is the fire.
State the six different types of causality
- causal effect
- reverse effect
- intervening effect
- spurious relationship
- cyclic effect
- coincidence
State the 5 research designs
- experimental design
- cross-sectional design
- longitudinal design
- case study design
- comparative study
Explain the experimental design
An experiment with a randomly selected sample including a control group and a experimental group. Ex. medicine trials.
Explain three cross sectional design
A link is being research between two or more variables at a single point in time.
Explain the longitudinal design and the two sorts.
The research is conducted multiple times in a time. There are two sorts: cohort study and panel study.
What is a cohort study?
A group of people is being researched that have something in common, like their birthdate.
What is a panel study?
A panel of individuals interviewed at a interval over a period of time.
Explain the case study design
A specified case is being researched.
Explain the comparative design
The comparing of two different case studies.
