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A&P II Lab > Week 2 bones of skull and movements > Flashcards

Week 2 bones of skull and movements Flashcards

1
Q

4

A

Frontal

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2
Q

2

A

Parietal

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3
Q

3

A

Temporal

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4
Q

1

A

occipital

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5
Q

5

A

sphenoid

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6
Q

9

A

Zygomatic

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7
Q

11

A

Mandible

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8
Q

10

A

Maxilla

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9
Q

6

A

Ethmoid

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10
Q

1

A

frontal

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11
Q

2

A

parietal

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12
Q

3

A

Temporal

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13
Q

4

A

sphenoid

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14
Q

8

A

zygomatic

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15
Q

11

A

mandible

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16
Q

6

A

ethmoid

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17
Q

22

A

Temporal

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18
Q

21

A

Occiput

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19
Q

23

A

Sphenoid

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20
Q

26

A

Palatine

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21
Q

24

A

Zygomatic

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22
Q

25

A

Maxilla

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23
Q

13

A

Parietal

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24
Q

15

A

Occiput

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25
Q

20

A

mandible

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26
Q

19

A

Maxilla

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27
Q

cavitys of the skull

A

Nasal cavity

Orbits

Paranasal sinuses

small cavities in ear for hearing and balance

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28
Q

skull has ____ bones

_____cranial

_____facial

A

22 total

8 cranial

14 facial

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29
Q

What are bony Landmarks?

A
  • Fixed markers on the bones
    • Grooves or prominences found on bones, which help us to identify the location of other body structures
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30
Q

THREE GENERAL CLASSIFICATIONS of bony landmarks

A
  1. Articulations: Where 2 joint surfaces come together
  2. Projections: Area of the bone that protrudes above the surface of the bone
  3. Hole: An opening or groove in the bone.
31
Q

Function of Bone Markings

Hint: (4) Enables, provides, serves, provides

A
  • Enable joints to slide past each other or lock bones in place,
  • Provide structural support to muscle and connective tissue
  • Serve as a place of attachment for other bones, blood vessels, nerves, and/or muscle
  • Provide stabilization and protection to nerves, vessels, and connective tissue.
32
Q

what do Holes & Depressions in bone do?

A

allow the passage of soft tissue through or along bone and form joints

33
Q

a Cavity is:

A

: A depression that is associated with a joint articulation

34
Q

a Facet is:

A

Flat, smooth articular surface

35
Q

a Fissure is

A

A groove intermediate to two bones

36
Q

a Foramen is

A

A round or oval opening, or hole in the bone

37
Q

a Fossa is?

A

A depression in the bone

38
Q

a Groove is:

A

A slit-like passage

39
Q

Meatus:

A

A canal, or passageway in the bone

40
Q

Sinus:

A

Hollow cavity within bone filled with air

41
Q

Notch

A

An incisure or indentation

42
Q

Projections:

A

form joints and Serve as attachment points for connective tissues

43
Q
  • Condyle:
A
  • Condyle: Large, rounded bump – forms a joint with another bone
44
Q
  • Crest:
A
  • Crest: A ridge on a bone; often anterior – usually prominent
45
Q
  • Diaphysis:
A
  • Diaphysis: Long midsection of the long bone (Body of the bone)
46
Q
  • Epicondyle:
A
  • Epicondyle: A space or raised protuberance above or on a condyle of a long bone
47
Q
  • Epiphysis:
A
  • Epiphysis: is the rounded end of a long bone
48
Q
  • Head:
A
  • Head: Rounded structure found at the end of the narrow “neck” of the bone.
49
Q
  • Line:
A
  • Line: A small ridge; often posterior (muscle attachment)
50
Q
  • Notch:
A
  • Notch: Indentation in the bone (curved – to allow for movement of another bone)
51
Q
  • Process:
A
  • Process: A sharp protrusion away from the main body of the bone (much like a finger)
52
Q
  • Ramus:
A
  • Ramus: Arm-like bar of a bone
53
Q
  • Spine:
A
  • Spine: Sharp, slender, often pointed projection
54
Q

Spinous process

A

: A thin projection

55
Q
  • Trochlea:
A
  • Trochlea: A pulley-like structure
56
Q
  • Trochanter:
A
  • Trochanter: Very large bump (found only on the femur)
57
Q
  • Tubercle:
A
  • Tubercle: Small bump or projection
58
Q
  • Tuberosity:
A
  • Tuberosity: Large rounded projection – Surface may be rough
59
Q

stages of wound healing

A

Inflammatory phase

proliferative phase

remodeling phase

60
Q

debridement

A
  • removing skin that is too tough to have it regrow into good tissue
61
Q
  • burns affect only the epidermis, or outer layer of skin. The burn site is red, painful, dry, and with no blisters. Mild sunburn is an example. Long-term tissue damage is rare and usually consists of an increase or decrease in the skin color.
A

First-degree (superficial) burns

62
Q

burns involve the epidermis and part of the dermis layer of skin. The burn site appears red, blistered, and may be swollen and painful.

A

Second-degree (superficial and Deep partial thickness)

63
Q

______burns destroy the epidermis and dermis and may go into the subcutaneous tissue. The burn site may appear white or charred

A

Third-degree (full thickness) burns

64
Q

_________ burns also damage the underlying bones, muscles, and tendons. There is no sensation in the area since the nerve endings are destroyed

A

Fourth degree burns

65
Q

Rule of 9’s

A

assesses the percentage of burn

is used to help guide treatment decisions including fluid resuscitation

determines transfer to a burn unit

66
Q

Lund-Browder Chart

A
  • Used with children and infants who sustain burns
    • factors in the age of the individual
67
Q

Hypertrophic Scarring

A

skin is raised, decreased elasticity, and erythematic (red) in appearance

. Scarring can be troublesome, cause contractures, and impair function and lead to deformity

  • Surgical intervention may be necessary but typically contraindicated until scar has completely matured
  • Therapy plays an important role in minimizing these sequelae
69
Q

OT intervention for burns

A
  • Compression Therapy
  • Skin Lubrication and scar massage
  • Splinting
  • Range of Motion
  • Strengthening and Conditioning
  • Psychological Healing
  • Planning for discharge
70
Q

Fitted to the patient to encourage better orientation of collagen fibers

A

Compression Garments:

71
Q

Approved unscented lotion to prevent cracking and massage to increase pliability and promote desensitization

A

Lotion and Scar Massage:

72
Q
  • Preserve/increase range of motion, prevent scar contracture formation and protect underlying structures
73
Q

: Daily stretching and elongation are crucial to improve

A

Range of Motion:

A&P II Lab (6 decks)

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