Week 2 Bone And Anatomy

Question 0

Characteristics of axial skeleton

Answer 0

Vertebral column ribs and skull

80 bones

Question 1

What are the two main groups of bone

Answer 1

Axial skeleton

Appendicular skeleton

Question 2

Characteristics of an appendicular skeleton

Answer 2

Bones of the pelvis and lower limb

126 bones

Question 3

Functions of bone tissue

Answer 3

Support – skeleton is structural framework of body
Protection – skeleton protects many internal organs
Assists in movement – muscles pulling on bones
Mineral homeostasis – bone tissue stores and releases minerals
Blood cell production – within certain bones

Question 4

Describe long bones

Answer 4

Weight bearing

Question 5

Short bones

Answer 5

.

Question 6

Flat bones

Answer 6

Provide protection

Question 7

Irregular bones

Answer 7

.

Question 8

Sesamoid bones

Answer 8

Developing tendons with compression

Question 9

Sutures bones

Answer 9

Small flat irregular bones of the skull

Question 10

Bulges depressions and Holes in bones service

Answer 10

Side of attachment for muscles ligaments and tendons

Question 11

Site of muscle and ligament attachment

For tuberosity

Answer 11

Rounded projection

Question 12

Site of muscle and ligament attachment

For crest

Answer 12

Narrow, prominent ridge

Question 13

Site of muscle and ligament attachment

For trochanter

Answer 13

Large blunt irregular surface

Question 14

Site of muscle and ligament attachment

For tubercle

Answer 14

Small rounded projection

Question 15

Site of muscle and ligament attachment

For epicondyle

Answer 15

Raised area above condyle

Question 16

Site of muscle and ligament attachment

For process

Answer 16

Any bony prominence

Question 17

Depressions and openings for fissure

Answer 17

Narrow openings

Question 18

Depressions and openings for foremen

Answer 18

Round or oval opening through a bone

Question 19

Depressions and openings for fossa

Answer 19

Shallow, basin like depression

Question 20

The anatomy of a diaphysis

Answer 20

The shaft of a long bone

Question 21

The anatomy of a epiphysis

Answer 21

The ends of a bone

Question 22

The anatomy of a metahysis

Answer 22

Where the Diaphysis joins epiphysis

Question 23

The anatomy of a epiphyseal plate

Answer 23

A layer of hyaline cartilage that allows the diapjysis of the bone to grow in length

Question 24

The anatomy of a articular cartilage

Answer 24

Covers epiphysis and reduces shock and friction

Question 25

Nutrient foremen

Answer 25

Allows artery and vein to enter the bone

Question 26

The anatomy of a periosteum

Answer 26

Tough sheath of connective tissue that surrounds the bone surface.
It contains bone forming cells allowing bone to grow in diameter not length.

Question 27

The anatomy of a medullary cavity

Answer 27

Contains the bone marrow

Question 28

Explain osteogenic cells

Answer 28

Stem cells in periosternum and endostrnum

Question 29

Explain Osteoblasts

Answer 29

Bone forming cells

Question 30

Explain osteocytes

Answer 30

Mature bone cells

Question 31

Explain osteoclasts

Answer 31

Cells that break down (resort) bone matrix

Question 32

Explain a compact bone

Answer 32

Does not have visible spaces in bone matrix, forms thick walled diaphysis

Question 33

Explain spongey bone

Answer 33

Consists of delicate sheets of bone

End of long bones

Question 34

How does bone formation occur

Answer 34

Intranenbranous ossification
- Bone forms directly within mesenchyme
- within fibrous tissues
- flat bones of the skull and the mandible
Endochondral ossification
-Bone forms within hyaline cartilage that develops from the mesenchyme. (Most bones are former this way.