Week 2

Question 1

What is critical thinking?

Answer 1

The rational examination of ideas, inferences, assumptions, principles, arguments, conclusions, issues, statements, beliefs and actions

Question 2

What is critical reading?

Answer 2

an active intellectual process in which the reader participates in an inner dialogue with the writer.

Question 3

What is critique?

Answer 3

The process of critical appraisal in which a person objectively and critically evaluates a research report’s content for scientific validity or merit and application to practice.

Question 4

What is critiquing criteria?

Answer 4

Standards, appraisals guides, or questions used to judge an article.

Question 5

What is an abstract?

Answer 5

Short, comphrensive synopsis. Includes the main points of a study

Question 6

What is reliability?

Answer 6

refers to the consistency or constancy of the measuring tool.

Question 7

What is validity?

Answer 7

describes whether the measuring tool actually measures the correct phenomenon.

Question 8

What is systematic review?

Answer 8

Essentially an analysis of the available literature and a judgement of the effectiveness or otherwise of a practice involving a series of complex steps.

Question 9

What is the preliminary reading for?

Answer 9

skimming, getting used to the article

Question 10

What is the comprehensive reading for?

Answer 10

understanding the researchers purpose or intent.

Question 11

What is the analysis reading for?

Answer 11

understanding the parts of the study.

Question 12

What is the synthesis reading for?

Answer 12

understanding the whole article and each step of the research in the study.

Question 13

What are the 3 domains of study?

Answer 13

Quantity, Quality, Consistency.

Question 14

What is the quality domain of study?

Answer 14

the extent to which a study’s design implementation and analysis minimizes bias.

Question 15

What is the quantity domain of study?

Answer 15

the number of studies in which research question has been evaluated, including overall sample size across studies, and strength from findings in data analysis.

Question 16

What is the consistency domain of study?

Answer 16

the degree to which similar findings are reported from investigations of the same research question in studies that have similar and different designs.

Question 17

What is the problem statement?

Answer 17

generated from situations and problems that occur in practice.

Question 18

What is the research question?

Answer 18

Presents the idea that is to be examined in the study and is the foundation of the research study.

Question 19

What is a variable?

Answer 19

something that varies.

Question 20

What is the independent variable?

Answer 20

(X), the variable that has the presumed effect on the dependent variable.

Question 21

What is the dependent variable?

Answer 21

(Y), referred to as the consequence or the presumed effect that varies with a change in the independent variable.

Question 22

What is a population?

Answer 22

A well defined set that has certain properties.

Question 23

What is a purpose?

Answer 23

Encompasses the aims the investigator hopes to achieve with the research.

Question 24

What is a hypothesis?

Answer 24

statement about the relationship between two or more variables that suggests an answer to the research question.

Question 25

What is testability?

Answer 25

the variables of the study must lend themselves to observation, measurement, and analysis.

Question 26

What is the research hypothesis?

Answer 26

consists of statements about the expected relationship of the variables. Indicates the expected outcome.

Question 27

What is the statistical hypothesis?

Answer 27

there is no relationship between the independent and dependent variables.

Question 28

What is the directional hypothesis?

Answer 28

specifies the expected direction of the relationship between the independent and dependent variables.

Question 29

What is the nondirectional hypothesis?

Answer 29

indicates the existence of a relationship between the variables, does not specify the anticipated direction of the relationship.

Question 30

What are the components of PICOT?

Answer 30

a) Population
b) Intervention
c) Comparison
d) Outcome
e) Time

Question 31

What are the 3 consumer elements for Clinical Question Development?

Answer 31

a) The situation

B) the intervention

C) the outcome

Question 32

What are the 3 characteristics for research questions?

Answer 32

• Variables are clearly identified.
• Population is specific.
• Empirical testing is implied.

Question 33

What does the directional hypothesis do?

Answer 33

• Indicate a theory base used to derive the hypothesis and the phenomena under investigation have been critically examined and interrelated.
• Provide a specific theoretical frame of reference within the study being conducted.
• Suggests the researcher believes the evidence is indicative of a particular outcome.

Question 34

What is the ‘reject’ null hypothesis?

Answer 34

equivalent to accepting research/ alternate hypothesis.

Question 35

What is the ‘fail to reject’ hypothesis?

Answer 35

equivalent to accepting null hypothesis, no relationship.

Question 36

What are non-experimental designs?

Answer 36

• Descriptive Questions: ID key features of a group, looking at prevalence/incidence rates, [describe or explore]
• Relationship/correlational questions: the degree to which 2 or more variables are associated or related [is their a relationship between]

Question 37

What are experimental designs?

Answer 37

Difference/comparative questions: how individuals in one group may be different from another group on an outcome. [compare, test, predict]