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Levi's Class 2014 > Week 2 > Flashcards

Week 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the sensory nerves for the ear:

A
  • auriculotemporal nerve
  • greater auricular nerve
  • auricular branch of vagus nerve
  • tympanic nerve
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2
Q

What is it called when the ossicles and mastoid bone are infected?

A

cholesteatoma

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3
Q

What types of endotracheal tunes would be best for ear surgery:

A
  • South Facing tube (RAE)

- Reinforced Tube

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4
Q

What type of nerve monitoring would be used during close facial nerve procedures?

A

-Nerve integration monitor

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5
Q

T/F: Partial or complete NMR (muscle relaxant) blockade abolishes nerve activity.

A

True

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6
Q

What is ASA I hypotensive technique:

A
  • MAP 50 - 60
  • intraoposystoic > preop diastolic
  • HR 60
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7
Q

What are some nasal sinuses surgeries:

A
  • Endocopically FESS
  • Nasal antrostomy
  • Caldwell-Luc
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8
Q

What is the optimal time frame to fix nasal fractures?

A

-within 10 days after swelling has gone down

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9
Q

What is Samter’s Triad?

A
  • asthma
  • NSAID (aspirin) sensitivity
  • Nasal polyps
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10
Q

What will occur with Samter’s Triad?

A

broncho spasms

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11
Q

How does cocaine potentiate sympathetic activity?

A
  • Blocks the reuptake of epi at sympathetic nerve terminal
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12
Q

What is a Coroner’s Clot?

A

-A blood clot that form during ENT surgery and is not cleared after extubation of patient, which then aspirates caused occlusion of the airway.

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13
Q

What anatomical parts of the body would be worked on during intraoral procedure?

A
  • Tonsillectomy
  • adenoidectomy
  • palatal surgery
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14
Q

What is Waldeyer’s Ring?

A
  • Tonsils and adenoids lymphoid tissue around the pharynx
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15
Q

What may occur minutes to hours after relief or airway obstruction in children?

A

-pulmonary edema

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16
Q

What is the dose of decadrone?

A
  • 0.05 to 0.15 mg/kg
  • max dose 20 mg
  • (some surgeons may use 0.5 mg/kg)
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17
Q

What is the incidence for post extubation laryngospasm and stridor?

A
  • 12 - 25 %
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18
Q

Primary bleeds occurs how long after a tonsillectomy?

A
  • 6 hours
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19
Q

When is the second most common time bleeds occurs after a tonsillectomy?

A

7 to 8 days post-op due to scab falling off

20
Q

What is the optimal FiO2 when using a potential heat source that possibly could cause a fire.

21
Q

What color lens does a YAG laser use?

22
Q

What color lens does a argon laser use?

23
Q

What color lens does a CO2 laser use?

24
Q

What are the appropriate steps for an airway fire?

A
  • Disconnect circuit
  • Extubate, ventilate with a new circuit
  • Reintubate
  • Maintain anesthesia with IV agents
25
Q

What is the PSI of O2 when using jet ventilation?

A

30 to 50 P.S.I.

26
Q

What are some points about supraglottic jet vent?

A
  • Above the vocal cords

- Cannot monitor EtCO2

27
Q

What risk are more prevalent in supraglottic jet ventilaton

A
  • pneumomediastinum
  • pneumothoraz -pneumothora
  • -SQ emphysema
28
Q

What risk are more prevalent in subglottic jet ventilation?

A

-barotrauma

29
Q

How many respiration ah minute does HFPPV do a minute.

A

-60 to 100

30
Q

How many respiraton ah minutes does HFJV

A

100 - 200 less than dead space

31
Q

What are the four d’s?

A
  • dysphagia
  • dysphonia
  • dyspnea
  • drooling
32
Q

What is the gold standand for OSA:

A
  • CPAP

- BiPAP

33
Q

What is hypoapnea?

A
  • > 30% drop in airflow to baseline for more than 10 seconds

- > 4% drop in oxygen sats

34
Q

What is apnea?

A
  • airflow ceases for 10 seconds or more
35
Q

A polysomnography diagnosis sleep apnea.

36
Q

Categorize the apnea hypopnea Index (AHI).

A
  • 0-5 event is none
  • 6-20 event is mild
  • 21 - 40 events is moderate

> 40 events is severe

37
Q

What is are the characteristics for OSA patients:

A
  • male
  • > 50 years of age
  • neck circumference >17 inches
  • snorer
  • > 35 BMI
38
Q

What does frequent apnea + hypopnea leads to:

A

-framented sleep

39
Q

The reticular activating system is stimulated leading to sympathetic hyperactivity due to apnea + hypopnea.

40
Q

What does apnea + hyponea cause with systemic inflammation?

A
  • increase c reactive protein
  • interleukin-6
  • endothelial dysfunction
  • metabolic dysregulation all leading to CV, neuropsych and endocrine disorders
41
Q

How is endocrine affected by OSA?

A
  • glucose intolerance
  • diabetes
  • obesity
  • GERD
42
Q

How is CV affected by OSA?

A

-HTN
-arrhythmias
-CAD
-nocturnal angina
MI
CHF
Pulm HTN

43
Q

How is neuropsychologic affected by OSA?

A
  • daytime somnolence
  • cognitive impairment
  • accident proneness
  • anxiety/depression
44
Q

What is a uvulopalatopharyngoplasty?

A

-enlarging retropalatial airway

45
Q

What two nerves must be recognized during thyroidectomy?

Levi's Class 2014 (16 decks)

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