Week 1 Ophthalmologic Procedures

Question 1

What is incision and drainage of Chalazion?

Answer 1

A chalazion is an eye lid mass that reults from chronic inflammation of the meibomian (sebaceous) gland. Surgical treatment is indicated when it doesn’t respond to conservative measures.

Question 2

What is Tarsorrhaphy?

Answer 2

The total or partial suturing together of the eyelids to protect the eye and to allow healing of ulcers or exposure problems.

Question 3

What is temporal artery biopsy?

Answer 3

A biopsy to diagnose temporal arteries, often done under local.

Question 4

What is anterior chamber paracentesis?

Answer 4

A tap of the anterior chamber fluid is done to diagnostic testing or to reduce IOP quickly.

Question 5

What is a enucleation?

Answer 5

This is the removal of the entire eyeball after the muscles and optic nerve have been severed. Indication include blind, Painful eye and intraocular tumor.

Question 6

What is cataract extraction?

Answer 6

Cataracts are opacities of the crystalline lens of the eye. It is done under topical, regional and rarelyy, general anesthesia

Question 7

What is intracapsular cataract extraction?

Answer 7

It is the total removal of the opaque lens with the lens capsule. It may be done with a cryoprobe. It is done is select cases of lens subluxation, dislocation, or a lens containing a foreign body. Usually requires RBB of General Anesthetic.

Question 8

What is extracapsular cataract extraction?

Answer 8

This referes to the removal of the lens, while leaving the posterior capsule and zonules intac. A rim of anterior capsule if also preserved. This provides and excellent location for an intraocular lens implant.

Question 9

What is Pacoemulsification?

Answer 9

This refers to the use of ultrasonic vibration of fragments of the lens with simultaneous irrigation and aspiration. This allows for very small incisions.

Question 10

What is Filtration procedures>

Answer 10

Trabeculectomy is a surgical excision of the trabeculum to increase drainage of aqueous humor. Baerveldt and ahmed devices are glaucoma drainage implants that shunt aqueous fluid out of the eye under the conjunctiva.

Question 11

What is penetrating Keratoplasty? (Procedures of the Cornea)

Answer 11

A corneal transplant is done to replace an optically poor, infected or traumatized cornea. Control of IOP and avoidance of patient movement is especially important for these open globe procedures.

Question 12

What is radial Keratotomy? (Procedures of the Cornea)

Answer 12

A series of incisions made in the cornea in a spokelike manner to change the shape of the cornea to correct myopia.

Question 13

What is pterygium excision? (Proceudures of the Cornea)

Answer 13

A pterygium is an abnormal thickening of the bulbar conjunctiva. An excision is generally performed when the abnormal tissue impinges on the cornea, affecting vision, or for cosmetic reasons.

Question 14

What is Retinal cryotherapy? (Vitreal Surgery)

Answer 14

A cryoprobe is ussed for prophylaxis of certain retinal breaks and tears. It also is used in some patients with retinal tumors and vascular malformations.

Question 15

What is Repair of retinal detachment? (Vitreal Surger)

Answer 15

Retinal reattachment involves localizing all tears and holes, creating chorioretinal adhesions, and scleral buckling with silicon belts around the glove to pull the sclera in to support the retina.

Question 16

What is a vitrectomy? (Vitreal Surgery)

Answer 16

This is the physical extraction of the contents of the vitreous chamber and their replacement with a physiologic solution. A posterior vitrectomy is indicated for the removal of foreign bodies, to repair retinal detachments, to remove membranes and media opacities, and alleviate vitreous traction on the retina.

Question 17

What is an ectropion repair? (oculoplastic surgery)

Answer 17

Ectropion usually results from the effects of aging of the eyelid. The eyelid is turned outward. Other causes are mechanical or congenital lid pathology.

Question 18

What is a entropion repair? (oculoplastic surgery)

Answer 18

Involutional entropion is from aging. The eyelid is turned inward.

Question 19

What is ptosis repair?

Answer 19

Ptosis or drooping of the eyelid can be congenital (dystrophy of the levator muscle) or acquired from aging or trauma.

Question 20

What is blepharoplasty?

Answer 20

This is plastic surgery of the eyelids to remove redundant tissue that is obstructing vision.

Question 21

What is dacryocystorhinostomy?

Answer 21

This refers to the formation of a communication channel between the lacrimal sac and the nasal cavity. This is done for congenital or acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction. It usually requires general anesthesia.

Question 22

What is Orbital surgery?

Answer 22

Most is performed under general anesthesia. Example are: 
Repair of blow out fracture, 
Drainage of orbital abscess
Decompression of the optic nerve
exenteration of the orbit for malignancy