Week 10 Peripheral Nerve Anatomy Flashcards
The cervical plexus innervates what section of the spine:
C1 - C4
The brachial plexus innervates what section of the spine:
C5 - T1
The composition of the brachial plexus are:
- Ventral Rami (ROOTS)
- Trunks
- Divisions
- Cords
- Branches
Number the brachial composition in order.
5 - Ventral Rami (ROOTS) 3 - Trunks 6 - Divisions 3 - Cords 4 - Branches
The brachial plexus roots, trunks, and divisions are found in the __________ of the neck and ______.
- posterior triangle
- supraclavicular
The brachial plexus cords and branches are found _____ and _______.
- axilla
- Infraclavicular
T/F: The five ventral rami of the brachial plexus may include C4 and T2.
True
Where do the roots pass at the scalene muscle?
Lateral border
Where does the interscalene space reside:
Between the anterior and middle scalene muscle
Injection into the interscalene space will produce a complete block of the ________.
Upper extremity
What would occur to the block if there were individual septa.
Incomplete block
The ventral division of the brachial plexus innervate the _____ portion.
flexor (posterior to clavicle)
The dorsal division of the brachial plexus innervate the ____ portion.
extensor portion (posterior to clavicle)
The brachial plexus cords in the axilla of the dorsal division combine to form the ______.
Posterior Cords
The brachial plexus cords in the axilla of the ventral division combine to form the ______ and ______ cords.
- lateral
- medial
The brachial plexus branches of the lateral cord innervate what nerves:
- musculocutaneous nerve
- lateral root of median nerve
The brachial plexus branches of the medial cord innervate what nerves:
- medial root of medial nerve
- Ulnar Nerve
The brachial plexus branches of the posterior cord innervate what nerves:
- axilla nerve
- radial nerve
The axillary nerve innervates:
-Deltoid and skin covering it
The axillary nerve is formed from ___, passes from _____ to ___, and is ____ to the neck of the humerus.
- C5-C6
- axilla
- shoulder
- posterior
The radial nerve is formed from _____.
C5 - T1
List the pathway in order of the radial nerve starting at C5 - T1:
- passes from axilla to arm
- Descends along shaft of humerous
- Crosses elbow anterior to lateral epicondyle
What does the radial nerve innervate between axilla and arm:
- long head of tricep
- posterior brachial cutaneous branch
- skin covering the muscle
What does the radial nerve innervate along the shaft of the humerous:
-Inferior lateral cutaneous branch
posterior arm
-Posterior antebrachial cutaneous branch
posterior surface of forearm
What does the radial nerve innervate along the elbow to lateral epicondyle.
-Superficial branch
Dorsum of the hand onto the thumb, index middle
and ring and finger.
-Deep
Many of the muscles of wrist and hand
What would be the radial nerve’s natural response to stimulation:
- Wrist extension
- Metacarpophalangeal extension
- Thumb Abduction
The musculocutaneous nerve is formed by:
-C5 to C7
Which nerve pierces through the coracobrachilis muscle.
-Musculocuatneous
What does the musculocutaneous nerve innervate that descends between brachialis muscle and the biceps brachii muscle
Innervates all these muscle
The musculocutaneous nerve at the elbow becomes what nerve:
-lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve
What type of motor response is the musculocutaneous nerve responsible for:
bicep flexion
What cervical segment does the median nerve come from:
C5 to T1
What artery does the median nerve follow:
bracial artery
What muscles are innervated by the median nerve:
- forearm
- wrist
- fingers
- thumb
- pronators
- flexors
- abduction and oppostion
What motor response is the median nerve responsible for:
- wrist flexion
- fingers flexion
- Thumb opposition
What segment of the spine does the medial cutaneous branch come:
T1
What does the medial brachial cutaneous branch innervate:
-skin covering the medial surface of the arm
What does the medial antebrachial cutaneous branch innervate:
-skin on the medial aspect of the forearm
What segment of the spine does the ulnar nerve come:
-C8 to T1
What path does the ulnar nerve take starting at C8 to T1:
- Descend with brachial artery
- Crosses the elbow posterior to medial epicondyle
- Continues down the forearm
What part of the arm does the ulnar nerve innervate:
- Muscles in the wrist, fingers, and THUMB
- Dorsal and medial surface of hand
- Dorsam surface of the ring and little finger
The motor function of the ulnar nerve:
- Ulnar deviation o the wrist
- metacarpo-phalangeal flexion
- thumb adduction
The lumbosacral plexus is formed by what segments of the spine:
-L1 to S5
T/F: Lumbosacral plexus may include T12.
TRUE
The iliohypogastric nerve is formed by what segment of the spine:
T12 - L1
What does the iliohypogastric innervate:
- muscle, skin, PARIETAL PERITONEUM
- skin inferior abdomen and buttocks
The ilioinguinal nerve is form by what segment of the spine:
T12 to L1
The ilioinguinal nerve route from T12 to L1 is:
- travels in abdominal wall
- pierces posterior wall of the inguinal canal
- passes through superficial inguinal ring
- TERMINATES on the anterior scrotum of labia majora
What does the ilioinguinal nerve innervate:
- Superior, medial thigh
- Portions of external genitalia
The genitofemoral nerve is formed by what segment of the spine:
L1 to L2
The genitofemoral nerve route from L1 to L2:
- abdominal wall
- Passes through deep inguinal canal
- passes through superficial inguinal ring
- terminates on anterior scrotum or labia majora
The genitofemoral innervates:
- Skin covering the femoral hiatus
- Skin on the scrotum or labia majora
The pudendal nerve comes from what segment of the spine:
-S2 to S4
The route of the pudendal nerve from S2 to S4
- passes from pelvis through greater sciatic foramen into gluteal region
- Passses posterior to ischial spine and into perineum
What does the pudendal nerve innervate:
-muscle and skin of the perineum
The lateral femoral cutaneous nerve comes from what segment of the spine:
-L2 to L3
The pathway the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve starting from L2 to L3:
- descends the posterior abdominal wall
- crosses iliac crest into pelvis and down to inguinal ligament and anterior iliac spine
The lateral femoral cutaneous innervates what:
-skin on the lateral aspect of thigh to the level of the knee
The posterior femoral cutaneous nerve is formed by what segment of the spine:
S1 to S3
The posterior femoral cutaneous nerve route from S1 to S3 is:
- pelvis to gluteal region
- posterior region
What does the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve innervate:
-skin posterior to the thigh from hip to midcalf
The obturator nerve is formed from what segment of the spine:
-L2 to L4
The route the obturator goes from L2 to L4:
-Travels the medial compartment of thigh
The obturator nerve innervate
- muscles of the thigh
- medial thigh
The obturator nerve motor function:
- controls adduction
- flexion
- extension of hip
The femoral nerve is formed from what segment of the spine:
-L2 to L4
The femoral route from L2 to L4 is :
- through the pelvis
- Deep into inguinal ligament
- Enters anterior compartment of thigh
- Divides into multiple branches below inguinal ligament
What saphenous nerve stems from what other nerve:
-femoral nerve
What does the femoral nerve innervate:
Muscle:
- rectus femoris
- vastus lateralis
- vastus intermedius
- vastus medialis
- sartorious
SKIN:
-anterior thigh
The sciatic nerve is formed from what segment of the spine:
L4 to S3
The sciatic nerve is formed by the junction of ____ (anterior) L4 - L5 which is the _____ and the _____(posterior) nerve from L4 - S2.
- tibial nerve
- largest
- common peroneal
What muscles function does the sciatic nerve control before the popliteal fossa:
- hip extension
- flexion of knee
List the peripheral nerves the tibial nerve branches into :
- medial plantar nerve
- lateral plantar nerve
- Two branches innervate plantar surface of foot
The Sural nerve is formed by:
Union of the tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve
follows the saphenous nerve
The sural nerve innervates:
- posterior sole of foot
- posterior heel
- achilles tendon above ankle)
What is the motor response for the tibial nerve:
- plantar flexion of foot and toes
- inversion of foot
What is the motor response for the superficial peroneal nerve:
- abduction of the foot
- Eversion of the foot
What is the motor response for the deep peroneal nerve:
-upward
