{ "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Organization", "name": "Brainscape", "url": "https://www.brainscape.com/", "logo": "https://www.brainscape.com/pks/images/cms/public-views/shared/Brainscape-logo-c4e172b280b4616f7fda.svg", "sameAs": [ "https://www.facebook.com/Brainscape", "https://x.com/brainscape", "https://www.linkedin.com/company/brainscape", "https://www.instagram.com/brainscape/", "https://www.tiktok.com/@brainscapeu", "https://www.pinterest.com/brainscape/", "https://www.youtube.com/@BrainscapeNY" ], "contactPoint": { "@type": "ContactPoint", "telephone": "(929) 334-4005", "contactType": "customer service", "availableLanguage": ["English"] }, "founder": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Andrew Cohen" }, "description": "Brainscape’s spaced repetition system is proven to DOUBLE learning results! Find, make, and study flashcards online or in our mobile app. Serious learners only.", "address": { "@type": "PostalAddress", "streetAddress": "159 W 25th St, Ste 517", "addressLocality": "New York", "addressRegion": "NY", "postalCode": "10001", "addressCountry": "USA" } }

Week 2 Flashcards

(13 cards)

1
Q

Traits

A

-A pattern of thought, emotion and behaviour that is relatively consistent over time and across situations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Goals of Trait Theorists

A
  • To define the basic classes of behaviour that determines personality i.e. what traits are important
  • To devise ways of measuring individual differences in personality traits
  • To use these measures to understand and predict a person’s behaviour
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Factor Analysis

A

A method for identifying clusters of behaviour that are correlated with one another so highly that they can be viewed as reflecting a basic trait/ dimension that varies across people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Eysenck

A
  • Very famous 20th century trait theorist
  • First empirical trait theorist
  • Also known for measuring IQ and writing popular books
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Eysenck’s Theory

A
  • He described personality in terms of a hierarchy of constructs
  • Acts are organised into habits
  • Habits are organised into traits i.e. regularly going to parties can = sociability
  • Traits are organised into factors i.e. extraversion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Eysenck’s 3 factors of personality

A
  • Extraversion
  • Neuroticism
  • Psychoticism
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Biological Basis to Extraversion

A
  • Based on cortical arousal
  • Arousal related to the activity level of Reticular Activation System
  • Extraversion occurs when RAS is not active enough in arousing the cortex; leading to the person seeking extra stimulation to raise levels
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Biological Basis to Introversion

A
  • In introverts, cortical arousal is higher than optimal since the introvert RAS is more active than it should be in arousing the cortex
  • The introvert tries to reduce cortical arousal by reducing the number/ intensity of external stimuli in the immediate environment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Biological Basis to Neuroticism

A
  • Attributes the differences in the N-S dimension to differences in the threshold of arousal of the autonomic nervous system, based on structures in the hypothalamus
  • People with high levels of neuroticism have an ANS with a low threshold
  • The ANS is easily activated by external events so they experience emotions more strongly and more often
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Biological Basis to emotional stability

A
  • Highly stable individuals have an ANS with a high threshold
  • Thus, it takes a very intense experience to generate the physiological correlates of emotion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Personality

A

A person’s characteristic thoughts, behaviours and emotional responses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Whole Persons

A

Rather than understanding how situations influence people in general, they ask about how much we can understand about one individual person

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Trait Approaches

A

Approaches to studying personality that focus on how people differ in personality dispositions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly