Week 2 Flashcards
Signal transduction
Converting signals from one form to another
What does a signalling cell do?
Produces EC signal molecule detected by target cell, has receptors recog and respond to signal
How cell surface receptors relay EC signals via IC pathways?
Receptors bind to the signal molecule, pass a message in a line to other relays increasing the signal, reaches target usually gene or protein
Name the cell surface receptors
Ion channelled coupled receptors, G-protein coupled receptors, Enzyme linked receptors, nuclear receptors.
Describe ion channel coupled receptors
Charges permeability of membrane to certain ions, alters membrane potential, produces electrical currents
Describe G-protein coupled receptors
Activates GTP binding proteins,activates or inhibits the signals
Describe enzyme linked receptors
Acts as enzymes when activated
Describe nuclear receptors
Acts in the nucleus, can pass through the membrane, signal results in change in gene expression
Med example relating to Cell communication
Leukaemia
Cytoskeleton function
Network of protein filaments that extend throughout the cytoplasm, responsible for muscle contractions
Name the three filaments in the cytoskeleton
Intermediate filaments, microtubels, actin filaments
Describe their functions
- Structural support,
- Internal support.
- Movement.
Nuclear lamina
A meshwork strengthening the nuclear envelope
Describe intermediate filament structure
Twisted rope like structure, has coil-colied interactions.
Name the four classes of intermediate filaments
Keratin, vimentin neurofilaments, nuclear lamins
