Week 2 Flashcards
What does the average effect size for counselling and psychotherapeutic practices, compared to a no-treatment control, suggest according to the summaries of conducted meta-analyses?
A) The effect size is small and comparable to surgical and medical procedures.
B) The effect size is moderate and similar to other psychological interventions.
C) The effect size is large, exceeding that of many surgical and medical procedures.
D) The effect size is negligible and does not significantly differ from no-treatment control.
c
What is the term used to describe the phenomenon where clients, on average, do not tend to show improvement once the therapy is concluded?
A) Regression effect
B) Sleeper effect
C) Plateau effect
D) Residual effect
B
What does the evidence suggest regarding the coping style of clients and their response to therapy?
A) Clients with an internalizing coping style tend to respond better to technique-oriented therapies.
B) Clients with an externalizing coping style tend to respond better to technique-oriented therapies.
C) Coping style has no significant impact on the effectiveness of therapy.
D) Both internalizing and externalizing coping styles show similar response rates to technique-oriented therapies.
B
What does the term “client deference” refer to in the context of therapy?
A) The tendency for clients to express critical feedback to the therapist
B) The act of concealing negative reactions towards the therapist
C) Clients overlooking mistakes made by the therapist
D) Clients openly disagreeing with the therapist’s viewpoints
b
What therapeutic technique involves clients resolving intra-personal conflicts by engaging in dialogue between different sides of themselves, often represented by chairs?
A) Role-playing therapy
B) Cognitive restructuring
C) Two-chair dialogue
D) Gestalt therapy
c
What therapeutic technique involves clients engaging in an imaginary dialogue with a significant other to address unresolved emotional issues?
A) Role-playing therapy
B) Cognitive restructuring
C) Empty-chair dialogue
D) Gestalt therapy
c
What does research suggest about client satisfaction and the therapeutic alliance in relation to non-face-to-face therapeutic modalities?
A) Clients are generally less satisfied with non-face-to-face approaches compared to face-to-face therapy.
B) Non-face-to-face therapeutic modalities tend to result in a poorer therapeutic alliance compared to face-to-face therapy.
C) Clients are highly satisfied with non-face-to-face therapeutic modalities, and there is no consistent evidence of a poorer therapeutic alliance.
D) Non-face-to-face therapeutic modalities have limited impact on client satisfaction and the therapeutic alliance.
c
How is “flourishing” defined?
A) A state characterized by negative emotions and dissatisfaction with personal meaning
B) A state characterized by positive emotions, a strong sense of personal meaning, good work, and positive relationships
C) A state characterized by a lack of emotions and a neutral sense of personal meaning
D) A state characterized by fluctuating emotions and uncertain work-life balance
b
What does the term “65% barrier” refer to in the context of therapy outcomes?
A) The limitation in response rates observed in both cognitive therapy and SSRIs for depression
B) The percentage of clients who experience deterioration after psychotherapy
C) The proportion of clients who terminate therapy before completing the treatment
D) The threshold of symptom relief and crisis management achieved in traditional psychotherapy
a
According to Confucius, where does the meaning of life lie?
A) In spiritual enlightenment and transcendence
B) In pursuing personal desires and ambitions
C) In the pursuit of knowledge and wisdom
D) In the ordinary human existence
d
According to Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, what is necessary for happiness?
A) Wealth and material possessions
B) Power and influence
C) Living a virtuous life
D) Pursuing personal desires and ambitions
c
What was the mission of psychology before World War II?
A) To focus on understanding the human mind and behavior
B) To study and treat psychopathology
C) To explore the relationship between psychology and spirituality
D) To promote productivity, fulfillment, and nurture high talent in all individuals
b
What shift occurred in psychology’s mission after World War II?
A) The focus shifted solely to the treatment of psychopathology.
B) Psychology expanded its focus to include both psychopathology and personal growth.
C) Humanistic psychologists emerged, emphasizing growth and describing the good life.
D) Psychology shifted its emphasis from research to clinical practice.
b
For which mental health conditions has the effectiveness of Prolonged Exposure Therapy (PPT) been demonstrated?
A) Depression and anxiety disorders
B) Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and bipolar disorder (BPD)
C) Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and eating disorders
D) Psychosis and personality disorders (BPD)
b
What does positive psychology propose regarding the influence of childhood events on an individual’s personality in adulthood?
A) Childhood events have a significant impact on shaping an individual’s personality in adulthood.
B) Most childhood events are relatively insignificant in determining an individual’s personality in adulthood.
C) Positive psychology does not consider the role of childhood events in personality development.
D) Positive psychology emphasizes the influence of childhood events on mental health but not personality.
a
