Week 2

Question 1

What does social structure refer to?

Answer 1

Long lasting patterned relationships among the elements of society

Question 2

What do mcmulling and curtis Structures of inequality are patterns of?

Answer 2

patterns of advantage and disadvantage that are durable but penetrable

Question 3

What is within every mode of production?

Answer 3

means of production
social relatiobns of production

Question 4

In a capitalist society what is the means of production?

Answer 4

the things we need to produce goods and services

Question 5

What are social relations of production?

Answer 5

how people interact with one another, when marx thinks of classes hes talking about social relations of production

Question 6

What happens in capitalism?

Question 7

What happens in capitalism?

Answer 7

those who own means of production exploit the labourers who have no choice but to sell their labour or work for the higher class in order to survive

Question 8

What is the most distinctive element of Marx theory

Answer 8

The notion of exploitation

Question 9

What is the relationship between capitalist and workers?

Answer 9

Workers do all the work and the capitalist keep all the money amde from it.

Question 10

What is the only way to survive in a capitalist society if you dont own means of production

Answer 10

to sell labour power, making them proetariats

Question 11

What is the biggest criticism of Marx?

Answer 11

tat the world is more complicated than just Bourgoisie and Proletariat, marx doesnt address the middle classes.
the people in the middle class are neither workers nor capitalist

Question 12

Was marx aware of the middle class and what did he say about it?

Answer 12

he thought capitalism expanded that most people would be thrown into the working class, they would lose or get bought out.
he believed it would disappear.

Question 13

What is the inverse interdependence principle?

Answer 13

The material welfare of one group of people casually depends upon the material deprivations of another, in other words i win you lose.

Question 14

What is the exclusion principle (wright)

Answer 14

the inverse interdepdnence (a) depends upon the exclusion of the exploited from access to certain productive resources usually backe dby property rights.
I own somehting and i decide how it gets used and what i do with it.

Question 15

What is the appropriation principle:

Answer 15

exclusion generates material advantage to exploiters because it enables them to appropriate the labour effort of the exploitd

Because i won something that means i get a group of people that im going to position to exploit

Question 16

According to EO Wright, if the inverse interdepdence principle is met what happens

Answer 16

non exploitative economic oppression occurs but it is not techincally a situation of class exploitation

Question 17

Why are Managers and Supervisors in contradictory class locations?

Answer 17

they earn higher wageers than what makes sense under the logic of cpaitlaism
they help exploit the workers they manage
and their labour is exploited by the capitalists they work for.

Question 18

What is webers view of the central distribution of power about

Answer 18

about status and how were seen in society
economic order comes closest to what marx was talking about
wielding power because of wealth or income

Question 19

What is economic order

Answer 19

distribution of economic goods and services

Question 20

What is social order

Answer 20

distribution of social honour aka prestige

Question 21

hat is political order

Answer 21

distribution of social power

Question 22

Why do people do what others ask them to do?

Answer 22

we give certiain roles a certain amount of prestige and that prestige comes w authority and power

Question 23

What is power?

Answer 23

Refers to very possibility that within a social relationship of imposing ones own will even against opposition

Question 24

What is domination

Answer 24

refers to the possibility of finding a specific group of people to obey a command of determinate conetnt

Question 25

How does authority differ from power?

Answer 25

if i have power i may be able to make you do certain things, may threaten, authority however deaks with the idea that we willingly accept the power that another may have over us.

Question 26

What is traditional authority

Answer 26

Monarchy- weve always done it this way,
just had to be the first born to gain power

Question 27

What is charismatic authority

Answer 27

when people embew some magical power to their leader
some people that we often talk about that we think are charismatic or dynamic way of interacting with their followers

Question 28

What is rational legal authority

Answer 28

bureaucratic authority, in general written rules or regulations
people who get positions cause they earned them or have appropriate credentials
how the rules and how the organization is run

Question 29

What is property ownership

Answer 29

the issue is the exclusionary power that certain groups have on the basis of whether they own property that can be used in production processes
whether property owners can legally exclude people from making a living

Question 30

What is credentialism

Answer 30

the inflated use of educational certificated as a means of monitoring entrey to key positions in the division of lanour

Question 31

What are usurpation strategies?

Answer 31

countervailing uses of power mobilized by subordinate classes to gain access to scarce resource or to achieve distributive justice.

Question 32

How does structural functionalism view society

Answer 32

views society as social systems that have certain basic problems to solve or functions that hav to be performed

Question 33

According to davis and moore what is the resukt of differential allocation

Answer 33

the result of DA must ve viewed as being legitimate and accepted by most the members of society if stability is to be attained

Question 34

What are davis and moores two goals

Answer 34

to explain in functional terms the universal necessity which calls forth stratification in any social system

to explain why positions, not persons are differentially ranked in the system of rewards in any society

Question 35

What are the two critera that determine the amount of rewards that accrue to given positions

Answer 35

functional importance of the task
the scarcity of personell capable of performing the task or amount of training required

Question 36

What is the David moore theory of stratification

Answer 36

greater functional importance and scarcity of personell for certain tasks
higher rewards for these than for other positions
motivation to occupy these positions an dperform tasks
survival of society

Question 37

What is the functional theory of stratification (7)

Answer 37

Some positions in society are more important than others
number of people with the talent to fill these roles is limited
translating this natural talent into useful skills requires a period prolonged training
people must be induced to make sacrifices of time, effort, and cost to undertake the training.
therefore society allocates proportionately greater rewards to those positions that are more important and require unusual or scarce talents
inequality is thus a socially evolved mecanism for enhancing the potential survival of society
inequalty and stratification are both indispensable and positively functional for society.

Question 38

What are the dysfunctions of stratification

Answer 38

Inhibits the discovery of talent
limits the extent to which productive resources can be expanded
provides those at the top with the power to ratioanlize and justify their high positions
weakens the self image among those at the bottom and thereby hinders their psychological development
can create hostility and disintergration if it is not fully accepted by all in society
may make some feel that they are not full participants in the society and therefore
make some feel less loyal and may also make some less motivated.