Week 1a: Australia

Question 1

Where

Australian climate ranges:

Answer 1

Extemely warm to truly cool

Question 2

Australian landmass:

Answer 2

Very large
Sparse population mostly near coasts

Question 3

When was Australia established?

Answer 3

Late 1700’s as a penal colony

Question 4

When did Australia shift as an economic destination:

Answer 4

1800’s gold rush brought in settlers

Question 5

When were the first grape cuttings brought to Australia?

Answer 5

Earliest cuttings brought over with the first waves of British convicts.

Question 6

What drove early domestic demand for wine in Australia?

Answer 6

Gold rush - first settlers wanted wine

Question 7

How did vines spread across Australia?

Answer 7

Traced path of the gold rush: NSW to Victoria, Tasmania, then South Autstralia

Question 8

When did phylloxera arrive in Australia?

Answer 8

1870’s

Question 9

Did phylloxera spread in Australia?

Answer 9

Spread was limited due to quick reaction

Question 10

Where did winemaking shift to in Australia after the gold rush?

What was the climate like in the new location?

What became the focus of production?

Answer 10

Victoria to South Australia

Warmer, drier climate

Fortified wines

Question 11

Wine style in Australia until 1960’s:

Answer 11

80% of all wine made: sweet and fortified

Question 12

Engine of Australian wine production:

Answer 12

Barossa: 50% by volume

Question 13

Percentage of fortified wine in Australia from 1960’s to 2011:

Answer 13

1960’s: 80%
1970’s: 40%
2011: <1%

Question 14

What were Australian fortified wines styled after?

Answer 14

Sherry and port

Even used mostly the same grapes and similar production

Question 15

Notable fortified wines in Australia

Answer 15

1. Apera (Sherry)
2. Topaque (Tokai)
3. Rutherglen Muscat

Question 16

Define Australian Apera:

Answer 16

Modelled after Sherry
* Uses many of the same grape varieties including Palomino

• Solera aging:
  Possible flor
  Often heavy influence of oxidation
• Label terms describe dryness to sweetness of style made

Question 17

Define Topaque

Answer 17

Used to be called Tokay
* Based on Muscadelle grape
* May be vintage or blend of vintages
* Label terms describe increasing degrees of rancio (oxidative) character

Question 18

Define Rutherglen Muscat

Answer 18

• Similar to Topaque with same label terms applying
• Based on Muscat Rouge a Petite Grain: a brown muscat clone unique to Rutherglen

Question 19

Year Australia regulatory body established:

Answer 19

1981

Question 20

Year Label Integrity Program in Australia put in place:

Answer 20

1990

Question 21

Australian Label Integrity Program requirements:

Answer 21

85% minimum required as stated on label for:
* Vintage
* Variety
* Region of origin

Question 22

When did Australia sign an agreement with the EU to align labelling terms and avoid infringing on AOC’s like Port and Sherry

Answer 22

1993

Question 23

Year Australian GI system established:

Answer 23

1980

Question 24

What Australian GI’s do:

Answer 24

Define protected appellations in Australia

Question 25

Pyramid of Australian GI's:

Answer 25

State / Zone Region Sub-Region

Question 26

Label the Australian states from west to east:

Answer 26

Western Australia Northern Territory South Australia Queensland New South Wales Victoria Tasmania

Question 27

Amount of wine produced in Western Australia

Answer 27

Less than 10% as of 2019

Question 28

Where is viticulture mostly concentrated in Western Australia?

Answer 28

Southwest Coastal Regions Within the two zones of Greater Perth and Southwest Australia

Question 29

Climate of Western Australia (in the landmass):

Answer 29

Inland area: hot desert North: tropical

Question 30

One of the oldest vineyards in Australia?

Answer 30

Swan Valley GI in Western Australia

Question 31

Key GI of Western Australia?

Answer 31

Margaret River

Question 32

When were first grapes planted in Margaret River? Why?

Answer 32

Mid 1960's Behest of Dr. John Gladstone who was convinced suitable region

Question 33

Margaret River varieties:

Answer 33

Chardonnay SB/Sémillon blends CS blends

Question 34

Margaret River coastal influences:

Answer 34

Geographe Bay Indian Ocean Southern Ocean

Question 35

Other Margaret River moderators:

Answer 35

Rivers and creeks

Question 36

List the 5 founding producers in Margaret River:

Answer 36

1. Moss Wood (1969) 2. Cape Mentelle (1970) 3. Cullen Estates (1971) 4. Vasse Felix (1972) 5. Leeuwin Estates (1973) | Mental Mr. Cullen with sandal moss

Question 37

Cullen Winery in Margaret River

Answer 37

Trial vines were planted on one acre of land by Diana and Kevin Cullen on a Wilyabrup property in 1966 after having read advice and received encouragement from Dr John Gladstone

Question 38

Capital of South Australia:

Answer 38

Adelaide

Question 39

Did South Australia get infested with phylloxera?

Answer 39

No. Avoided phylloxera and is free of the pest today

Question 40

What enabled large volume production in the large flat regions around Murray Darling and Riverina?

Answer 40

Mass irrigation

Question 41

Mass irrigation enabled in South Australia enabled what?

Answer 41

Production in large flat land regions around Murray Darling and Riverina

Question 42

Percentage of Australian wine produced in South Australia?

Answer 42

50%

Question 43

Where is wine production centered in the state of South Australia?

Answer 43

South-east portion of the state

Question 44

Most important GI's in South Australia?

Answer 44

Barossa McLaren Vale Clare Valley Coonawarra

Question 45

McLaren Vale main variety:

Answer 45

Shiraz

Question 46

In what zone is McLaren Vale?

Answer 46

Fleurieu Zone

Question 47

Which Shiraz style is more similar to the Rhône: McLaren Vale or Barossa?

Answer 47

McClaren Vale

Question 48

McLaren Vale climate:

Answer 48

Mediterranean

Question 49

Two mountain ranges that moderate the McLaren Vale:

Answer 49

Mount Lofty Range (east) Gulf of Vincent (west)

Question 50

Is there a lot of organic viticulture in the McLaren Vale?

Answer 50

Yes

Question 51

Who founded the Barossa Valley?

Answer 51

German immigrants escaping religious persecution

Question 52

Who founded Jacob's Creek in Barossa?

Answer 52

Johan Gramp

Question 53

Barossa Valley star grapes:

Answer 53

Shiraz CS Grenach Mourvèdre

Question 54

Coonawarra excellent value wine:

Answer 54

John Riddoch Wynn's Coonawarra

Question 55

Synonym for Mourvèdre in Barossa Valley:

Answer 55

Mataro

Question 56

Climate of Barossa Valley:

Answer 56

Warm continental

Question 57

Barossa Valley is divided into what 2 GI's:

Answer 57

Barossa Valley GI Eden Valley GI

Question 58

What is the Langton's List

Answer 58

Equivalent to the 1855 Classification system

Question 59

What is Langton's List based on?

Answer 59

The classification comprises the most sought-after wines based on their track record at auction

Question 60

What are the 2 classifications in Langton's List?

Answer 60

First Classified Classified

Question 61

How often is Langton's List revised?

Answer 61

Every 2-5 years

Question 62

Are there GSM blends in Barossa?

Answer 62

Yes. GSM / MSG / SGM depending on the ratios

Question 63

Vine classification in Barossa:

Answer 63

Old Vine (35 years) Survivor (70) Centenarian (100) Ancestor (125)

Question 64

Does the Langton's List classify wineries?

Answer 64

No. Classifications are based on individual wines.

Question 65

Examples of First Classified Growths under Langton's List

Answer 65

Henschke: * Hill of Grace * Mount Edelstone Shiraz Penfolds: Bin 389 Cabernet Shiraz (phone #) Bin 707 Cabernet Sauvignon (plane)

Question 66

In what range does the Clare Valley sit?

Answer 66

Within the Mount Lofty zone

Question 67

Primary grape of Clare Valley:

Answer 67

Riesling

Question 68

Secondary grapes in Clare Valley:

Answer 68

Shiraz Cabernet Sauvignon

Question 69

Who established wineries in Clare Valley?

Answer 69

English Jesuits in the 1940's First winery built for sacramental wine

Question 70

Clare Valley climate:

Answer 70

Moderate warm continental

Question 71

Clare Valley climate: uniform?

Answer 71

Much cooler pockets Diurnal shifts

Question 72

Number of unofficial sub-regions in Clare Valley:

Answer 72

5

Question 73

Key producers in Clare Valley

Answer 73

Jim Barry Wilkes Killikanoon Grosset

Question 74

Where is Coonawarra located?

Answer 74

Limestone Coast zone in South Australia

Question 75

What is Coonawarra noted for:

Answer 75

Most important region in Australia for Cabernet Sauvignon

Question 76

Percentage of CS produced in Coonawarra:

Answer 76

50%

Question 77

Famous soil of Coonwarra:

Answer 77

Terra Rosa

Question 78

Coonawarra climate compared to Bordeaux:

Answer 78

Cooler and also drier

Question 79

What trait is Coonawarra Cabernet Sauvignon known for:

Answer 79

Minty and green herbaciousness from eucalyptus trees

Question 80

Who established Coonawarra?

Answer 80

John Riddoch

Question 81

Capital of Victoria:

Answer 81

Melbourne

Question 82

When did phylloxera arrive in Victoria?

Answer 82

1877

Question 83

What did government in Victoria do when phylloxera arrived?

Answer 83

Uprooted every vine in affected region

Question 84

What region in Victoria was spared from phylloxera's arrival in 1877?

Answer 84

Yarra Valley Arrived in 2006

Question 85

Yarra Valley climate:

Answer 85

Cool maritime

Question 86

Yarra Valley grapes:

Answer 86

Pinot Noir Chardonnay

Question 87

Yarra Valley divided into:

Answer 87

Upper and Lower Yarra Valley

Question 88

Name of Yarra Valley clones:

Answer 88

Dijon clones Brought by James Busby from Clos de Vougeot

Question 89

Secondary grape of Yarra Valley:

Answer 89

Syrah: more Rhône-like

Question 90

Zone containing Rutherglen:

Answer 90

North East Victoria Zone

Question 91

In what state is Murray River?

Answer 91

Straddles New South Wales and Victoria

Question 92

What is Rutherglen known for:

Answer 92

Fortified "stickies"

Question 93

Fortified "stickies" grape:

Answer 93

Local Muscat clone: Muscat Rouge à Petits Grains

Question 94

Describe a Rutherglen Sticky:

Answer 94

Sweet, fortified, oxidized Like Tawny Port

Question 95

Does Rutherglen produce dry still table wines?

Answer 95

Still finding footing Durif (Petite Sirah) for red Rhône whites

Question 96

What is the Rutherglen Network?

Answer 96

Producer's association Developed voluntary labelling scheme to describe different Rutherglen styles

Question 97

Botrytis in Rutherglen stickies?

Answer 97

NR undesirable so avoided Natural raisination

Question 98

Capital of New South Wales:

Answer 98

Sydney

Question 99

Father of Australian viticulture? Where did he settle?

Answer 99

James Busby who settled in NSW in 1800's

Question 100

Major mountain range in New South Wales:

Answer 100

Great Dividing Range

Question 101

Most important GI in New South Wales:

Answer 101

Hunter Valley

Question 102

Hunter Valley best known for:

Answer 102

Racy sémillon, even though Hunter Valley is hot and sub-tropical

Question 103

Hunter Valley aged Semillion - notable feature:

Answer 103

Oak notes but not based on oak (I get marshmallow)

Question 104

Two important Hunter Valley producers?

Answer 104

Tyrells Broken wood

Question 105

Adelaide Super Zone:

Answer 105

Large encompassing appellation including almost all the viticultural areas of: South Australia Victoria Tasmania New South Wales Queensland

Question 106

What does the Adelaide Super Zone allow?

Answer 106

Blending across large areas, primarily for large scale producers

Question 107

Most planted grape of Tasmania:

Answer 107

Pinot Noir Burgundy varieties and sparkling

Question 108

One Tasmanian GI:

Answer 108

Tasmania GI Unofficial subregions exist

Question 109

Tasmanian sparkling wine production method:

Answer 109

Traditional 1/3 of Tasmania is sparkling

Question 110

Notable Tasmanian producer:

Answer 110

Jansz

Question 111

Europeans brought viticultural equipment but they didn't bring...?

Answer 111

A lot of viticultural knowledge

Question 112

Tasmanian climate similar to?

Answer 112

Cool climate Burgundian

Question 113

Old World vineyards are cooler and warming influences are sought out. Is this the same for New World wines?

Answer 113

No. New World vineyard are often too warm and cooling influences are important.