Week 12- MSK Flashcards
An anatomical term used to refer to the joint-related structures outside of a joint:
Extra-articular
Include the joint capsule and articular cartilage, synovium and synovial fluid
Articular structures
Usually involves swelling and tenderness of the entire joint:
Articular disease
Includes peri-articular ligaments, tendons, bursae, muscle, fascia, bone, never and overlying skin:
Extra-articular structures
Typically involved point or focal tenderness in the regions adjacent to the articular structure:
Extra-articular disease
This type of disease can have crepitus, instability, locking or deformity; may have limited AROM and PROM d/t pain and stiffness
Articular disease
This type of disease rarely causes swelling, instability, or joint deformity
Extra-articular disease
This connects bone to bone:
Ligaments
These connect muscle to bone:
Tendons
These are pouches of synovial fluid that cushions the movement of the tendons and muscles over bone and other joint structures
Bursae
Intervening layers of fibrous tissue or cartilage that holds the bones together:
Fibrous joints i.e. sutures of the skull
This is the leading cause of patients seeking health care:
Joint pain
This type of joint disease has decrease AROM and PROM, am stiffness (gelling)
Articular
In this type of joint disease the pain is periarticular tenderness and only PROM remains intact:
Non-articular joint pain/disease
Pain in a single joint suggests:
Mono articular arthritis, tendinitis, bursitis (extra-articular)
Polyarticular involves several joints. Examples include:
Rheumatoid fever or gonococcal arthritis
This is a pattern that is additive, progressive and symmetrical:
RA
Extra-articular pain examples:
Bursitis, tendinitis, tenosynovitis (tendon sheaths), as well as sprains of ligaments
If pain comes with trauma the what is very important to assess?
Mechanism of injury or specific series of events
Severe rapid pain in a red, swollen joint suggests:
Arthritis or gout
In kids- osteomyelitis
Fever plus chills with joint pain consider:
Septic arthritis
Am stiffness that gradually improves is associated with:
Inflammatory causes such as RA and PRM
Lupus can present with:
Malar rash
Joint pain with preceding sore throat:
Gonococcal arthritis
Red flags for neck and back pain:
Les than 20 or greater than 50, history of cancer, unexplained weight loss,fever or decline in health
Signs of inflammation:
Tenderness, swelling, warmth, and redness
Acute involvement of one joint suggests:
Trauma, septic arthritis, or crystalline arthritis
RA is typically:
Polyarticular and symmetric
Malalignment can be seen in:
Dupuytren contracture, genu varum (bow-legged), or genu valgum (knock-knee)
Look for SQ nodules in:
RA and rheumatic fever
Decreased ROM seen in:
Arthritis, joints with inflammation, bony fixation
ACL laxity occurs in:
Knee trauma, muscle atrophy, and weakness with RA
Palatable click or crepitus of the temporalmandibular joint is present in:
Poor occlusion, meniscus injury, or trauma
Atrophy of ____ may signal rotator cuff tear.
Supraspinatus
Painful arc test (rotator cuff-pain provocative test) suggest:
Sign for impingement/rotator cuff tendinitis
Neer impingement sign positive test for a:
Subacromial impingement/rotator cuff tendinitis
Hawkins impingement positive sign for:
Supraspinatus impingement/ rotator cuff impingement
When both neer and Hawkins are negative there is:
A very low likelihood of rotator cuff diagnosis
External rotation with lag test (inability to maintain external rotation) is a positive test for:
Supraspinatus and infraspinatus d/t
Internal rotation lag test positive test associated with:
Subscapularis diagnosis
Drop-arm test positive test associated with:
Supraspinatus rotator cuff tear or bicipital tendinitis
External rotation resistance test is positive test associated with:
Infraspinatus diagnosis
Limited external rotation points to: glenohumeral disease or adhesive capsulitis
Empty can test- inability of the patient to hold the arm fully abducted at the shoulder or control lowering the arm is positive test for:
Supraspinatus rotator cuff tear
After elbow injury, preservation of AROM and full elbow extension makes:
Fracture highly unlikely
Diffuse swelling in the hand common in:
Arthritis or infection
Locational swelling of the hand may be:
Ganglion
Heberden are found:
Bouchard nodes are found:
Suggest:
DIP
PIP
OA
What is the anatomical snuffbox?
Tenderness with the wrist in ulnar deviation and pain at the scaphoid tubercle are suspicious for scaphoid fracture — avascular necrosis complication
Finklestein indicates:
De Quervains tendosynovitis
Carpal tunnel assessments:
Thumb abduction - positive a/w weakness
Tinel sign- table on median nerve
Phalen
Thickening, bogginess or warm suprapatellar pouch occur with:
Synovitis and nontender effusions with OA
Mcmurray tests:
Medial and lateral meniscus
Abduction (valgus) test:
MCL
Addiction (varus) test:
LCL
Anterior drawer tests:
ACL
Posterior drawer tests:
PCL
Ortolani and barlow assesses for:
Developmental hip dysplasia in the infant
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis often associated with:
A limp in an obese child
Assessment for scoliosis:
Adams test (bending forward to touch toes)
