Week 12: Higher Level Cognition Flashcards

1
Q

What is social cognitive neuroscience?

A

understanding how brain functioning supports the cognitive processes underlying social behaviour

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2
Q

What structure controls social cognition?

A

No single area is devoted to thinking about the self and other, however the prefrontal cortex plays a large role

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3
Q

What does self-referential processing rely on?

A

Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
Ventrolateral prefrontal cortex
Prefrontal cortex
Medial and lateral parietal cortex

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4
Q

What does memory rely on?

A

temporal cortex

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5
Q

What does emotion rely on?

A

orbitofrontal cortex
insula
anterior cingulate cortex

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6
Q

what are the disorders of social cognition?

A

Autism
Schizophrenia
Depression

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7
Q

What are the core features of autism?

A

Qualitative impairment in social interaction
repetitive pattern of behaviour and interests
symptoms must be present in the early developmental period
The neurophysiological measurements include eye movement and neural activity

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8
Q

What is present in schizophrenia?

A

Patients show hypo-metabolism in PFC, shows less thinking about what others were thinking and how they interact

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9
Q

What is present in depression?

A

increase of blood flow to the PFC in depressed patients

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10
Q

what is the self-reference effect?

A

enhanced memory for information processed in relation to the self

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11
Q

Which area is most related to thinking about oneself?

A

Medial Prefrontal cortex

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12
Q

What is the default network?

A

Regions most active during passive tasks, it is there to ensure we always have some idea what is going on around us

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13
Q

what occurs when the orbitofrontal cortex is damaged?

A

OFC notices what is appropriate and what isn’t

However if their is damage we are unable to change the response even if we become aware of inappropriate actions

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14
Q

what is the theory of mind?

A

ability to infer mental state of other people, we tend to use eye gaze

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15
Q

What is empathy?

A

capacity to understand and respond to the experiences of another person

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16
Q

what is empathic accuracy?

A

perceivers accuracy in inferring a target persons thoughts and feelings
How good you are at empathy

17
Q

What is the simulation theory?

A

When observing another behaviour we imagine it unconsciously through mirror neurons
We then have a physiological response that we feel and interpret that the other person had the same feeling

18
Q

What are mirror neurons?

A

Distributed network of neural regions involved in action production and comprehension
When we observe an action, our brain activates neural structures that would be engage if carrying out the action ourself