week 12: cancer Flashcards
leukaemia is a
clinal malignant disorder causing increased dysfunctional cells and loss of cell division regulation
acute leukaemia
undifferentiated or immature cells
abrupt and rapid onset
short survival time
chronic leukaemia
predominant cell looks mature but doesn’t function properly
longer survival time
acute leukaemia early cm
fatigue, bleeding, fever
acute leukaemia neuro manifestations
headache, facial palsy, blurred vision, meningeal irritation
acute leukaemia tx
chemo, blood transfusions, abx, anti fungals, antivirals, bone marrow transplant
chronic leukaemia symptoms
extreme fatigue
weight loss
night sweats
low grade fever
marker for CML
philadelphia chromosome
CLL involves malignant transformation
if B cells
chronic leukaemia tx
no cure - bone marrow transplant for survival time
a pap smear is
exfoliating cytology
biopsy
removal of tissue specimen for microscopic study
tumour markers may be
hormones enzymes genes antigens antibodies
hCG
gestational trophoblastic tumours
PSA and PAP
prostate cancer
CA125
ovarian cancer
3 types of lymphoma
B cells
T cells
Hodgkin disease
HD is distinguished from others by presence of
Reed stern berg cells
s&s of HD
intermittent fever
drenching night sweats
weight loss
HD I dx
1 lymph node or region
HD II dx
involves two or more nodes or regions on the same side of the diaphragm
HD III dx
involved lymph node regions or structures on both sides of the diaphragm
HD IV dx
involved extranodal sites
HD can be dx through
CXR and biopsy
non hodgkin lymphoma
malignant transformation of lymphoid system not characterized by reed stern berg cells
non hodgkins normally manifests itself as
local lymphadenopathy
non hodgkins tx
stem cell transplantation
