Week 12

Question 1

Schirmer Tear Test (STT)

Answer 1

a measure of lacrimal secretory capacity and used in the diagnosis of keratoconjunctivitis sicca. A standardized strip of filter paper is inserted into the conjunctival sac, projecting over the lower eyelid. The length of paper wet after a specified period of time is measured and compared with normals for the species being tested.

Question 2

Menace Response

Answer 2

a reflex that may be tested by stabbing the finger towards the eye, with all precautions to avoid setting up a wind current. A positive reflex is a closing of the eyelids. An absence of the reflex indicates defective vision, paralysis of the eyelids or serious depression of consciousness. Called also eye preservation reflex, menace test, menace response, opticofacial reflex.

Question 3

Proptosis/proptosed

Answer 3

forward displacement or bulging, especially of the eye; exophthalmos

Question 4

OD vs OS vs OU

Answer 4

oculus dexter (right eye) oculus sinister (left eye) oculi uterque (each eye).

Question 5

Opthalmoscope

Answer 5

an instrument for examining the interior of the eye. It sends a bright, narrow beam of light through the lens of the eye, and contains a perforated mirror and lenses through which the veterinarian can examine interior parts of the eye.

Question 6

Ciliary Body

Answer 6

pertaining to or resembling cilia; used particulary in reference to certain eye structures, such as the ciliary body or muscles.

Question 7

Chemosis

Answer 7

marked edema of the conjunctiva of the eye.

Question 8

Strabismus

Answer 8

deviation of the eye that the patient cannot overcome; the visual axes assume a position relative to each other different from that required by the physiological conditions. Called also squint.

Question 9

Palpebral

Answer 9

pertaining to the eyelid.

Question 10

Patent

Answer 10

1. open, unobstructed, or not closed.

2. apparent, evident.

Question 11

Mydriasis

Answer 11

gross dilatation of the pupil. Common causes in animals are atropine poisoning, hypocalcemia and tiger snake envenomation.

Question 12

Hyphema

Answer 12

hemorrhage into the anterior chamber of the eye.

Question 13

Palpebral reflex

Answer 13

the eyelids close when the eyelids are touched.

Question 14

Transilluminator

Answer 14

the passage of strong light through a body structure, to permit inspection by an observer on the opposite side.

Question 15

mmHg

Answer 15

millimeters of mercury; a unit of pressure.

Question 16

Luxate/luxation

Answer 16

to be forced out of place or joint; to be displaced; to dislocate.

Question 17

Evert

Answer 17

to turn inside out; to turn outward.

Question 18

Entropion

Answer 18

to turn inside out; to turn outward.

Question 19

Tonometry

Answer 19

measurement of tension or pressure, e.g. intraocular pressure

Question 20

Dazzle response

Answer 20

a test of the retina, optic nerve, and central retinal pathways. Shining a bright light into the eye should cause squinting.

Question 21

Cataract

Answer 21

opacity of the lens of the eye or its capsule or both. Cataract may result from injuries to the eye, exposure to great heat or radiation, or inherited factors. Rare in cattle and swine, common in dogs. Treatment consists of surgical removal of the lens (lens extraction or cataract extraction). May affect the entire lens or be localized,

Question 22

Epiphora

Answer 22

An overflow of tears on the cheek, due to imperfect drainage by the tear-conducting passages

Question 23

Icteric

Answer 23

pertaining to or affected with jaundice.

Question 24

Traumatic

Answer 24

1. pertaining to, resulting from, or causing trauma.

2. in cattle, and in all ruminants, a special meaning is perforation of the reticular wall by a swallowed foreign body.

Question 25

Systemic

Answer 25

pertaining to or affecting the body as a whole.

Question 26

Enucleation

Answer 26

removal of an organ or other mass intact from its supporting tissues, as of the eyeball from the orbit.

Question 27

Nares

Answer 27

plural of naris; the openings of the nasal cavity.

Question 28

Nasolacrimal

Answer 28

pertaining to the nose and lacrimal apparatus.

Question 29

Glaucoma

Answer 29

a group of diseases of the eye characterized by increased intraocular pressure, resulting in pathological changes in the optic disk and typical visual field defects, and eventually blindness if not treated successfully. Uncommon in domestic animals, except in dogs where several breeds are predisposed. (more in book)

Question 30

Herpes

Answer 30

any inflammatory skin disease marked by the formation of small vesicles in clusters; the term is usually restricted to such diseases caused by herpesviruses and is used alone to refer to h. simplex or to h. zoster.

Question 31

Consensual

Answer 31

excited by reflex stimulation.

Question 32

Hemic

Answer 32

pertaining to blood.