Week 12 Flashcards
What was Alcuin the founder of? And what rule did he establish?
Palace school
What was the education of peasantry/citizenry?
People became part of medieval guilds (baking guild, smithing guild). Also, books were available to learn a profession (manuals).
Cathedral schools
Mendicant school, run by friars. To train clergy/priests and mendicant friars.
For everyone who wanted education, divided into guilds/universities. Teachers were paid by students. Subjects did not have much variety.
What/were was the first university?
University of Bologna (1350s)
Monastic schools, and for who were they? What did you learn?
For people who wanted to become monks. Reading and writing Latin in wax. Learning by imitating teachers.
• Computation, counting with fingers, indicate different numbers.
Who had a definite say in the University of Bologna?
Its students. For a teacher to be admitted, they had to pass a test, and students were to decide whether they were allowed in.
Which subjects came a little later to universities?
Medicine and law
If you wanted to study medicine and law, where would you go? Where would you go to study philology, etc.?
Medicine/law: southern university
Philology: northern university
‘Pecia’ system, and what were the results?
Multiple people covering manuscripts at the same time. Size of books became smaller, and number of books would increase. Main characteristic was that it was a much faster system to produce books.
Pecia mark
Meant that the book with the Pecia mark was the exemplar.
Seven Liberal Arts
Students would start with the trivium subjects (grammer schools):
• Grammar
• Logic
• Rhetoric (art of persuasion, colour words)
(Latin focused)
If successful, students would move on to the quadrivium subjects (grammer schools):
• Arithmetic (mathematics)
• Geometry
• Astronomy (+ Astrology)
• Music (expression of numerical relationship in comparison to sound, and it was very maths-like)
Chaucer and astronomy
Refers to an instrument to calculate the sun and starts, to calculate the hour/time. In GP 7-8 he refers to an astronomical definition (sun, ram).
Which God appears in The Canterbury Tales (Astronomy)
Phebus (Apollo)
Effects of the moon (Ptolemaic universe). What is changeable and eternal?
The planets exert influence on man’s body, not free will.
Changeable: sobere of the moon between earth
Eternal: other spheres
Below the moon everything is imperfect = changeable.
What influence is the moon to be said to have on people? And what can the moon not do?
Under the influence of the moon, people tend to wander, or it can induce people to travel (wanderlust). It can also cause wandering of the mind.
The moon cannot influence people’s ability and capability.
